Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne

22 JUN 2010

LIBRARY

VOLUME 75 — No. 3

JUNE - JULY 2010 $9.95

RRP. (Includes GST)

Onell (1

Print Post Approval No. PP255003/00950

70045 "078036

. HILLS DISTRICT ORCHIDS Winter Open Day Sunday 29 July 2010 |

@183 Windsor Road Northmead 2152 NSW

9am til 4pm (please park in Mary Street or Windermere Avenue)

Heaps of flowering orchids, rare species and unusual plants for sale, as well as a full range of orchid related supplies and new and exclusive Clivia aati seedlings in a full range of colours.

: also attending: ; - Tinonee Orchid Nursery, Macquarie Native Orchids and Easy Orchids

‘Phone: David Banks on (02) 9674 4720 or 0412 123 036 E-mail: david@hillsdistrictorchids.com

| HDO Open Days are held 4 times a year:

Winter: Last Sunday in July [with Easy Orchids] (25 July 2010) Spring: Last Sunday in September (26 September 2010) Summer: First Sunday in December [with Dark Star Orchids] (5 December 2010) Autumn: Last Sunday in February (27 February 2011)

www.hillsdistrictorchids.com

Pom the Editors Des

Ws continue celebrating the 75th Anniversary of the Australian Orchid Review. Graham Morris from Valley Orchids in South Australia has written a thought provoking article on the role commercial nurseries play in orchid clubs and societies. He highlights the vast difference in the target market for potplant and showbench style plants, in relation to cymbidiums. Sadly, due to the economic downturn of the past decade, the size and number of specialist plant retailers — and orchid nurseries are no exception — have declined throughout the country. One only has to pick up an orchid magazine from the 1990s to see how many advertisers have closed or are no longer trading. It is vital for hobbyists to support the orchid nurseries that are sourcing most of the new orchid varieties (both species and hybrids) to ensure a brighter future for all stakeholders.

Bill Dobson, who is a master grower of Dendrobium speciosum and other native dendrobiums, discusses some of the various members of the Section Latouria, with emphasis on some of the New Guinea species he is growing, with tips on their culture. He is also a fine photographer, and his image of the stylish Dendrobium Cosmic Gold appeared on page 7 of the previous issue of the AOR.

Tinonee Orchid Nursery will be holding their annual Open Day & Show on Sunday 11' July 2010. In conjunction with this event, the Parramatta & District Orchid Society will be coordinating a bushwalk to Ellenborough Falls on the day before (Saturday 10‘) July). For more details contact the nursery who will give you more information including meeting points and times. The bushwalk will be led by John Riley, Dennis Sinclair, Michael Harrison and I.

Two of the biggest national Cymbidium shows are to be held in early August. The 2010 National Cymbidium Show will be held in Perth, Western Australia on the weekend of 7'h-8th August. On the other side of the continent, the 2010 National Orchid Extravaganza (predominantly a Cymbidium Show, with various miscellaneous orchids also benched) will be held at Dural NSW from 6'h-8th August. See the advertisements for details of both events in this issue.

OSCOY, in conjunction with the Melbourne Orchid Spectacular will be holding an International Speakers Day on Saturday 21st August 2010. The seminar will feature four well-known speakers, including Pepe Portilla (Ecuador) from Equagenera, Fred Clark (USA) from Sunset Valley Orchids, Hendrik Vorster (South Africa) from H.Q. Orchids and Bill Thoms (USA) Hilltop House Orchids. The entry fee is $50 per person which includes entrance to the show and sales. Numbers are strictly limited to 100 and many tickets have already been sold to this rare event. You can book tickets by contacting Frankie Fraser on (03) 9802 9929 or visit the website WwwW.OSCOV.asn.au

We sadly report the passing of David Wallace, who was the sixth Editor of the AOR, from 1988 to the end of 1998. He was previously an orchid judge and long time committeeman for the OSNSW, and a Past President of Blue Mountains & District Orchid Society.

David Banks Australian Orchid Review david@hillsdistrictorchids.com

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

JUNE — JULY 2010 Volume 75 — No.3

Contents

y| Features:

Commercial Orchid Growing and the SHOWDENCH ...nnnnsn Graham Morris 2 Cymbidium Orchid Club of South Australia Spring ShOW 2010 wnmmmnnmmnnne 1] Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘KEnnedy$\...nnnunnsnninnninnenmee David P Banks 12 Macodes, the "Diamonds" of the Jewel Orchids....... vswaun Michael Dorris 18

Growing New Guinea Dendrobium species and hybrids from Section Latouria

Growing Dendrobium canaliculatum in Cooler Climates

19th AOC Conference & Show - “Wild About Orchids” Perth, Western Australia...

Orchids protected by Crocodiles! Pescatorea klabochorum and the brothers KlabOch urns RudolfJenny 41

Bill Dobson 24 swnene Caty Polis 32

Writing Orchid Names..... Frances and Julian Coker 50 Orchid Growing in the Southern Highlands Of NEW SOUtH WaleS ..entsnsnnsnsnnen woe Robert Giles 51

.. Jim Cootes 54 .. David R Banks 62

Bulbophyllum MAQUIIINGENSE ..rrsrrssrrinsinsesnasnsnss Cryptostylis hunteriana in the Blue Mountains, NSW ......

Royal Botanic Gardens eS yoteonms

Regular Fe From the Editor's DeSk.$.snen Mail Order Bookshop... Advertiser's INd@X uf Buyer's GUIDE... ernenersnndflssnenasisensinn

2010 Orchid Events - Wh

Editorial copy: Rad) hoa

Articles for publication and consideration should be sent to: AOR Editor, David P. Banks, 39 Carole Street, Seven Hills, NSW 2147 Email: david@hillsdistrictorchids.com

All other correspondence to:

AOR Publisher, Dalton House Pty Ltd, PO Box 5481 Sydney, NSW 2001 @ 0433 422 792 Fax: (02) 9221 4242

Advertisers:

Deadline for advertising copy for the

August - September 2010 issue is Monday, 5 July, 2010

All advertising bookings and enquiries should be directed to: Caitlin Hoolahan @ 0433 422 792 Fax: (02) 9221 4242 or Email: aor@daltonhouse.com.au or

David Banks @ (02) 9674 4720 Email: david@hillsdistrictorchids.com ff

Subscriptions: See page 59 for Subscription information

Cover Shot

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys’ AM/AOS is an intergeneric combination that was thought for decades to be a pure Laelia hybrid.

See the full story in this issue.

Plant: Hills District Orchids, Photo: David Banks.

eit me ietoform,unlike many other pelori at revert to “normal” wers, without the splashing on the petals)

have some reservations about writing

this article. Some readers will disagree with much of it. Some readers will agree wholeheartedly. Some readers will be offended. Some will think I don’t know what I am talking about! If you are likely to be offended, as they say on TV, before showing scenes which might cause offense, look away now...

To a casual observer, one would think that a commercial grower, often with thousands of plants and often superior growing conditions, should dominate on the showbench over amateur growers. One could also be puzzled as to why commercial growers are not more active at shows and displays, where they could promote their product. This article attempts to outline why it can be difficult for a serious commercial grower, to participate strongly in the Orchid Club/ Society scene, and to be competitive on

the showbench. I also offer some thoughts for changes which could address this issue and make orchid

growing even better for all. The article is presented, after being very active, initially as a private grower for 40 years or so, often being critical of the

commercial growers, fornotparticipating and showing. Over the past 10 years or so, I have operated a big Cymbidium nursery, selling mainly to the wholesale market, and have changed my understanding greatly.

Plants grown by a commercial grower (for purchase by the general public) and those grown by a showbench grower (orchid club members) are very different. Sales to orchid club members account for only a few percent of overall sales, and in Australia they are mainly cymbidiums. If a commercial grower was to rely on sales to orchid club members for most of his turnover, he would have a very small target market. The number of sales of any particular variety would be small, and he would need to continually develop new varieties, capable of winning prizes at a show, just to continue selling plants. A well performing showbench orchid would need to have very superior shape and colour. How well it grows and flowers, seems to be not very important. Many showbench growers will tolerate a slow grower, or shy flowerer, so long as it gives them a chance of winning,

when it eventually flowers.

Conversely, the market to the general public is relatively huge. Flower shape to the general public is relatively unimportant, so long as it has lots of flowers, and has good colour. Lots of flowers is most important. The public will pay a premium price for a multi- spiking plant. The grower requires that it grows quickly and flowers easily and profusely, with little manipulation of the flowers and foliage. A plant which is slow growing, then does not have lots of flowers, will cause the commercial grower much financial grief.

Now the dilemma...

1. Can a commercial grower afford to seriously participate in showing his plants at an orchid club?

2. Can orchid clubs survive without the involvement of the commercial grower?

Think about the following...

1. Operating a successful commercial plant nursery is hard work. It requires long hours of operation to succeed. The operator is generally on call 24 hours a day, 365 days each year.

Cymbidium Pure Sarah ‘Cascade’ won Grand Champion at the South Australian Winter Show in 2008. It is very difficult

for a smaller plant to compete with this, and.needed years of preparation and very special transport requirements. It took specially made packaging and occupied more than half of a large van for transport!

Customers are demanding and operating costs increase continually. Selling prices rarely increase as quickly as costs. Plants grown for commercial purposes (lots of flowers, not necessarily of good shape), are not judged favourably by orchid club judges. To succeed at shows, the commercial grower must grow some showbench orchids, in addition to the commercial varieties. This takes space and time, with little or no financial return. He must also spend time preparing plants to be shown, usually at a time when he should be preparing plants for sale. Many commercial growers want to support the show effort of the orchid clubs, and end up showing their commercial varieties, just to be involved. Should they not win prizes, they risk criticism for their lack of success. Many commercial growers therefore choose just not to get involved. It is too hard and the returns not worth the effort. Any awards for showbench varieties are not of much commercial value.

2. Most orchid clubs get good support from many commercial growers.

Cymbidium (Khan Flame x Valley Vapour) is a lovely strong pink which was chosen by an overseas grower as a mass oe production variety. The owner will receive royalties from this plant

Support can come in many forms.

a. Donation of raffle plants at monthly meetings and shows

b. Sponsorship

c. Donations for major prize winners or champion classes at shows

d. Guest speaking appearances

e. Time spent on committees, often in senior positions

f. Time spent promoting the club e.g. radio interviews & commercial endorsements

g. Liaison with authorities and service providers

h.Plants for growing competitions at special prices

i. Teaching beginners and

cultural problems

solving

Time spent on club matters is often significant and can interfere with time available to run the nursery. The biggest problem is that the shows are usually scheduled when the nursery is at its busiest, when plants are being prepared for sale. Most orchid club members have no idea how difficult it can be, and the pressures encountered, just to assist the

clubs and exhibit plants at a show. Many expect the commercial grower to have a significant presence at all shows.

What can a commercial grower get from exhibiting at a club meeting or show?

At the moment, not much. His bread and butter plants are not in demand for the showbench. If one was to propagate more than a couple of hundred plants of a showbench champion, many would not be sold. By comparison, a quality commercial variety, which quickly produces lots of flowers, can be sold in very large numbers. It is common in Australia for more than a thousand of some good varieties to be sold, each year, year after year. Overseas, some varieties sold to the general public, are grown in huge numbers, often 50,000 to 100,000 per year.

Where is orchid growing going — can it improve

Sadly, many orchid clubs are struggling to survive. Members are getting older and it is difficult to attract new members. Generally most of our new members are not young. How can we attract new and

younger members? Will the clubs survive?

Long established commercial nurseries are closing. They are not being replaced and it is getting more difficult for newcomers to source good quality plants.

Our environment is changing quickly. House blocks are generally smaller than in the past, making it difficult to provide a good growing area for our plants. Many people are time poor, with family and/or work commitments, making time for growing our plants more difficult to find.

I believe we need to change, to make growing orchids easier, and change further to attract new members.

Orchids are still perceived by many to be difficult to grow and particularly to get them to flower. If we consider the growing of cymbidiums, as the most common entry point for new growers, are we making it easy enough for any newcomer to take the step and join a club?

I am always disappointed, when we conduct a show and have large numbers of people view the show, that we get very few new members from our considerable efforts. Often we just do not do enough to attract even a few of those show visitors to a club meeting.

The very survival of a club relies on getting new members and most clubs fail dismally in this area. Perhaps a special meeting for beginners should be scheduled after each show — maybe a free plant for attending their first meeting. At the very least, handouts telling prospective new members about the club and where it meets should be given out. A beginners group is a great way to soften the impact of having to make the step and attend a meeting, with a lot of strangers. When a new member gets involved, it is hard, and can take a long time to become competitive. Surely it is also time to reconsider our judging methods, and make it easier for new members to be able to compete quickly. For a start, they cannot even show a plant, until they own it for 6 months (perhaps we could soften this rule for the first 12 months or so of new membership). Very often the champion cymbidium is a very large plant, which has taken many years to grow big enough to win. Many growers cannot grow or transport a large plant, so cannot compete. Small cymbidium plants (particularly miniatures) rarely win major prizes. Surely it is time to

make it easier for all to win, not just those with big growing areas and a vehicle large enough to transport a large plant, without damaging it. Think about the grower, who might just have a small growing area and a small car, which effectively excludes them from growing large specimen plants. They might even just want to grow small plants, which they can handle, but unlikely to win major prizes.

Can anyone tell me — Why do we compete and have our plants judged? I thought Gordon Giles’s article in the last issue of the AOR was great and posed some good and timely questions.

Is the champion plant of a show, a win for the actual plant, or does it indicate that the grower is a champion grower?

Perhaps we should consider making it easier, confining plants to be judged, to one in a particular sized pot, perhaps a 200mm (8 inch) pot for standard cymbidiums. A special class could be introduced, to judge the champion

grower, with one particular variety selected, in a standard size pot (example Cym. Valley Splash ‘Awesome’, in a

Ladd " / y \ “ig we oe m4 6 ge Cymbidium Blazing Dream ‘TeePee’ ‘ig has fabulous colour and high : ; 4 . production making a cultivar —<e ak | like this a good pot plant

200mm pot). We should make it fair for all growers to compete on a level playing field. lam not suggesting we do not have larger plants (specimens). I am just suggesting that we standardise the growing condition of plants to be judged, to make it fair for all and easier to get it right. Just imagine in car racing — what would happen if we raced a small engine car, against the super performance V8’s. Those who could not get into a V8 would never win and would probably

not get involved. To get more participation, clubs must Sunday, 1 it tila sully, 2 () it (() make it more worthwhile to be involved. 2 oe 2 Expecting a commercial grower to grow ; TH ¢ plants which are not their bread and butter is unreasonable. Awards received for showbench varieties which are not productive, are useless. From an outside perspective, why award a plant, if it has deficiencies? A plant which does not grow or flower well is deficient. Why is

Buses/Club Groups welcome the judging system so focussed on the

ei

shape of the flower & almost completely uncaring of other characteristics, such as

fast growth and_ prolific flower production?

More on the dilemma above...

To be able to survive and hopefully thrive, most responsible organisations regularly review the way they operate,

The Australian Orchid Review, June —July 2010 7

Cymbidium Mafilyn Levy’Graham’ _ isa nice example of a good pot a. —=

and make changes to meet future challenges. How many orchid clubs do this? Are they serious about meeting the challenges to come, or will they just try to tackle deficiencies, when it could be too late?

Earlier I asked the following questions 1. Can a commercial grower afford to

participate in showing his plants at an

orchid club?

2. Can orchid clubs survive without the

involvement of the commercial

grower? I believe the answer to both, is probably not.

Perhaps at this stage, I should comment .on the financial assistance to cymbidium clubs, by commercial

nurseries, that I personally know about

and ask where would they be today

without that assistance.

1. Significant sponsorship of the National Shows for many years by Fleurijn Orchids — Holland — Over $5,000 per year for 7 or 8 years.

2. Huge sponsorship by Yunnan Semi Floraculture from China to the Cymbidium Orchid Club of South Australia - Two payments of $10,000.

3. Royalty payments from Neutrog — for testing and endorsing Strike Back for Orchids fertiliser. Resulting in significant payments to State based cymbidium clubs.

4.Numerous donations for Champion classes at State and National shows by many commercial nurseries — most often $50 to $250 per year, but there are many donations and they are ongoing.

5.Sponsorship by the City of Port Adelaide & Enfield Council also the Onkaparinga Councils (Adelaide) to assist in conducting the National Shows — Value over $10,000.

commercial nurseries, which I am not familiar with. Plus other major sponsorships. Apologies if I have not acknowledged them here.

These payments have greatly helped the clubs receiving them. They have certainly enabled clubs to operate more comfortably and provide better services to their members. In some cases, without them, shows like the National Shows, would have struggled, perhaps just not happened. Most of these donations or sponsorships came initially from commercial nurseries being involved

' with the clubs.

We should also consider the quality of our plants and what is our status in world terms. Each year we have many Overseas growers visit us, seeking new varieties for production in very large numbers in their country. Our plants are eagerly sought by overseas growers, who are prepared to pay royalties for superior new varieties. This year I will be paying a small number of private growers, royalty payments from overseas nurseries a total of almost $9000, in addition to royalties for my own plants. One grower is to receive $2000 for one plant, which was seen at a club show, and didn’t even win a significant prize. He can expect more payments for the same plant for some years.

. [know there are other payments from

Our present judging systems do not encourage commercial growers to participate. There is a risk that in future commercial growers will not getinvolved at all. There are many already who do not participate. There will be many hobbyists who will not wish to take the emphasis away from the shape factor. Perhaps they should consider what would happen to our clubs, without commercial support.

The general public are not concerned about the shape of an orchid flower.

Commercial growers are notconcerned about the shape of an orchid flower.

Is the fixation on shape of an orchid flower, without consideration of other commercial properties, worth continuing with?

Graham Morris

Valley Orchids

Lot 8, Wheaton Road,

McLaren Vale, South Australia 5171 Email: graham@valleyorchids.com.au Website: www.valleyorchids.com.au

Above: Cymbidium (Hazel Fay x Wallacia) ‘Bengal’ Colour, colour, colour! - It would sell well but flower spike habit and arrangement could be a worry

Valley

Orchids

Lot 8 Wheaton Road, McLaren Vale, South Australia. Postal — PO Box 143, McLaren Vale, South Australia, 5171 Phone - (08) 8327 3955 Fax - (08) 8327 3966 Mobile - 0419 823 724 Website - www.valleyorchids.com.au Email - graham@valleyorchids.com.au Australia’s largest supplier of quality Cymbidium Orchid plants of all sizes (Clones or seedlings - flasks, small plants, & all sizes up to flowering size) All at sensible prices. There are great plants for beginners & experts. Able to ship any number of plants Australia wide (bare rooted only to W.A. & Tas., but no charge for plant health certificates). We do not pirate tissue from other nurseries, & only propogate or breed with varieties from other nurseries after flowering & testing them thoroughly, or with their approval & assistance. ** Coming soon - Weekly specials (seedlings, rare clones etc) - check the web site **

AOR203

The Australian Orchid Review, June —July 2010

Above: Cymbidium Denva Sunset ‘Aurora’ displays wonderful sunset tones despite having poor shape from a judging perspective

The Australian Orchid Review, June —July 2010

Cym. Francie Porter Enid rcc/Aoc

First release of this fabulous intermediate cymbidium that received the highest award possible Bulb & large lead mericlone in 125mm pots $75.00 each A complete list of cymbidiums is available on request.

~TINONEE ORCHID NURSERY

768 Tinonee Road, Tinonee, 2430

Phone: (02) 6553 1012 www.tinoneeorchids.com orchids@tinoneeorchids.com

Above: Cymbidium Amber Sands ‘Harlequin’ is a highly colourful and very floriferous and productive cultivar bred by Gordon Giles of NSW

Below: Cymbidium Autumn Emerald is an example of a great pot-plant with clear contrasting colours and high production from small containers

f

Cymbidium Orchid Club

of South Australia Spring Show 20710

f you are visiting Adelaide in August, It will be our eighteenth show, held at The Club thanks Westfield and make time to check out thespectacular the centre & attracts enthusiasts from all Neutrog for their ongoing support. show of Cymbidium Orchids from over South Australia, and interstate, as Come and see displays throughout the Sunday 224 to Saturday 28th August well as regular visitors from China, shopping centre & see many new and 2010, atthe West Lakes Shopping Centre. Korea and New Zealand. desirable cymbidiums. |

Cymbidium (Wyong Flame.x Alexandra's Flame) 2009 Grand Champion at the CCSA

- Grown by Colin & Non Grigg

(photo: David Harmer)

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys’

Laeliocattleya Bowrli-Albida ‘Kennedys:

A wonderful intergeneric

No there will be quite a few people after seeing the front cover photo, and the caption to this plant, thinking... “Hang on, isn’t that Laelia Finckeniana ‘Kennedys’ AM/AOS?”.

Indeed the featured plant was awarded back in 1977 by the American Orchid Society, who granted it an Award of Merit. There is no doubting the horticultural attractiveness of this particular orchid, yet it seemed no-one challenged its name and _ alleged parentage. This went on for close to three decades.

Laelia x finckeniana was described by O’Brien in the Gardeners’ Chronicle MU, 13: 194 back in 1893, as a natural hybrid between a white form of Laelia anceps and Laelia albida. According to Carl Withner (1990) in Volume II — The Laelias in his six-part series The Cattleyas and Their Relatives: “The plant had been chosen by Fincken (an orchid grower in Europe) because of its distinctive appearance from an imported lot of Laelia anceps, coming from the Pacific side of Mexico, made by the Liverpool Horticultural Co.” Withner also notes that this hybrid has been remade in cultivation and suggests that such plants should be “properly named Laelia

Cattleya bowringiana forma coerulea (Chadwick Orchids)

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

hybrid orchid masquerading under a wrong name...

by David P. Banks

Finckeniana”. This is to differentiate between the natural hybrid (in italics with the multiplication sign before the epithet) that occurs in Mexico and man- made examples (in Roman).

I first saw the plant known as Laelia Finckeniana ‘Kennedys’ flowering in the impressive Californian collection of the late Dr. John Christie, during a visit to the USA about fifteen years ago. John specialised in Laelias and also had a soft spot for Australian Dendrobiums. It was also here where J first saw a plant of the white form of Laelia superbiens (syn. Schomburgkia superbiens). John relayed the story that this plant was given to him by the late Dr. George Kennedy (hence the clonal name), apparently from a collection in Mexico.

I had never heard of this orchid before and was really impressed with its very attractive clean flowers. John kindly gave me a division which I subsequently brought back with me to Australia (after its inevitable gassing and subsequent 3-month stint in quarantine).

It took a while for the plant to get over the gassing and adjust to the change in hemisphere, but after a few years it got into its pattern of flowering annually from late April to mid June. A few years

Laelia x finckeniana White form of the natural hybrid (Los Angeles Arboretum)

Laelia albida (NZ)

after this I obtained another plant, again labelled as Laelia Finckeniana from Sydney orchid enthusiast Bill Dobson. This plant had come from the famous Santa Barbara Orchid Estate (SBOE) in California. It wasn’t until I was talking to Paul Gripp (the founding manager of the SBOE from 1957 AKA “The Orchid Man”) in 2005 that he mentioned that his plant also originally came from John Christie, so there was no doubt we were talking about the same plant!

Laelia Finckeniana (mauve form of the artificial cross)

13

Laelia anceps subsp. dawsonii ‘Rays Blush’ also seen in USA collections under the cultivar name ‘Delicata’ (Hills District Orchids)

I spent a fair bit of time in Santa Barbara on my 2005 visit, and it coincided with the peak flowering season for Laelia anceps. On one of the evenings I gave a presentation to the Santa Barbara Orchid Society, but what stuck in my memory was the impromptu joint plant description given by Paul and myself discussing the wide variation within Laelia anceps and some of its hybrids displayed at the meeting. As luck would have it, there was also a plant benched as Laelia Finckeniana ‘Kennedys’ on the exhibition tables. When we got to that plant I asked Paul “do you really think that Laelia anceps is one of the parents?” I then gave my reasons for doubting it, both in the number and shape of the flowers, habit of inflorescence plus the growth habit. He paused, and was very measured in his reply, as he had secretly questioned its parentage. He told the audience that he was confident that Laelia albida was one of the parents, but “not sure” what the other half was. What he had done recently was remake the hybrid using the white Laelia anceps ‘SanBar Qaxaquena’ AM/AOS (a superior clone of the subspecies dawsonii) and Laelia albida. At the time, none of these seedlings had flowered.

Paul was also kind enough to drive me to LA airport from Santa Barbara (2 hour + drive), and we had a great and in-depth conversation on Laelias and related orchid topics along the way. He is such a knowledgeable orchid expert and a wonderful gentleman as well. He is obviously very proud of his children Parry and Alice (both educated, lovely and friendly people) who now co-own the SBOE.

14

Laelia Finckeniana ‘Santa Barbara’ HCC/AOS Note the heavy anceps influence in the labellum (SBOE)

Well these seedlings Paul spoke about have now flowered, and have turned out exactly what you would expect by combining these popular Mexican species — with the flowers intermediate between the parents. They produced beautiful clear white flowers on. tall spikes, with the labellum markings similar to the parents. The clone Laelia

Finckeniana ‘Santa Barbara’ subsequently received a _ Highly Commended Certificate from the

American Orchid Society. On the Santa Barbara Orchid Estate website they pointedly list this plant as “the only awarded true Laelia Finckeniana’”. There have also been remakes done with the typical lavender colour form of Laelia anceps.

This “true” hybrid has many of the characters that you expect from Laelia anceps hybrids (that are absent in the so-called Laelia Finckeniana ‘Kennedys’). Such as the markedly two- edged pseudobulbs (with only one or two leaves), the distinct (and often long) rhizome between the pseudobulbs and the tall (and flattened) inflorescence with few “star-like” flowers at the extremities are some of the diagnostic features that are dominant.

But the really telling factor is this. Laelia species all have 8 pollinia. It is the major diagnostic feature that separates them taxonomically from the related Cattleya, which has 4 pollinia. Our so-called Laelia Finckeniana ‘Kennedys’ produces 4 large pollinia masses (often incorrectly termed as grains) and 4 small and poorly formed pollinia bundles. This confirms that this popular cultivar is actually an intergeneric hybrid between Laelia and Cattleya; our Laelia

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Pink Lady’ Cultivar with a darker edge to the labellum (Japan)

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Mikkei’ Paler cultivar with richer markings in the labellum (Japan)

Finckeniana ‘Kennedys’ is really a Laeliocattleya. So what is the other parent?

I deduced that it would have to be a Cattleya species that has cylindrical pseudobulbs, with two or three leaves, no elongated or distinct rhizome between the pseudobulbs, and clusters of rose-purple flowers with a similar labellum to the “intergeneric hybrid’. As luck would have it, when I was debating this in my mind, I had a plant of Cattleya bowringiana in bloom. It was one of those “lightbulb” moments. That's it!

First thing was to check the registered name, as this would be an obvious hybrid to make. Indeed, Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida (what an original name!) was registered by Thayer in 1901. It was a common practice for many of the early man-made hybrids to grant names that were a combination of their parents.

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Ws

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys’

| Basically a vibrant and glistening concolor musk- pink with bright yellow in the throat of the labellum

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys’ Labellum detail

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys’

Pollinia — note the uppermost well developed 4 sets of pollinia, with the tiny inferior bundles underneath

—a feature of Laeliocattleyas

There have also been a number of awarded cultivars of Laeliocattleya Bowri- Albida in the USA, including ‘Worrall’ HCC/AOS (1971) and ‘Huntington’ HCC/AOS (1984). I have not seen photos of those particular clones, but on searching the Internet (using Google) I found some addition named cultivars from Japan, including ‘Pink Lady’ and ‘Mikkei’. The accompanying photographs further confirmed that this was exactly the same grex as the plant incorrectly labelled as Laelia Finckeniana ‘Kennedys’. They were basically identical in flower and labellum shape with some clonal variation in colour, as is to be expected from variable parents. There are also anumber of images of various plants, simply listed as Laeliocattleya Bowri- Albida, on several websites in the USA.

Therefore I would recommend to those who are fortunate to own Laelia Finckeniana ‘Kennedys’ to relabel your plants as Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys’. Well grown and flowered examples will have up to 14 flowers on upright inflorescences (up to 65cm tall), but ten on the spike would be normal on mature plants. The individual clear musk-pink blooms are up to 75mm across. Iam not sure what (if anything) the AOS Awards Register will do with this. I have no doubt that this is now the correct name for this plant, made with either a white or pale pink Laelia albida and a typical rose-coloured Cattleya bowringiana or possibly the rarer “bluish” form known as variety or forma coerulea.

This information now also rules out the natural hybrid theory for this ‘kennedys’ plant. As Laelia albida is endemic to Mexico, whereas Cattleya bowringiana is from Guatemala and neighbouring Belize and Honduras. It most probably was a garden hybrid that had simply been in cultivation for many years.

* x *

-a*. RETINA AUSTRALIA

Ae Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the major cause of youth blindness!

If you have RP, or know someone who has, please contact the charity/support group

RETINA AUSTRALIA

€ IN

FIGHTING BLINDNESS For information and assistance phone 1800 999 870

www.retinaAustralia.com.au

AOR 025

Cattleyas Online

Quality exhibition cattleyas are our specialty.

For a catalogue please phone, fax, or e-mail us as below.

You can also visit us on the Internet at www.cattleyasonline.com.au

Phone/Fax: 07 3388 0866 Mail: PO Box 4612 Loganholme 4129

E-mail: info@cattleyasonline.com.au

AOR 028

|

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida _ ‘Kennedys’

Cultivation This striking orchid is a very easy hybrid to grow, and is a great example of heterosis (hybrid vigour). We grow our plants in the shadehouse, exactly the same as other sun-loving and “tough” orchids such as Laelia anceps and our own Dendrobium speciosum (which in some way this hybrid resembles vegetatively!). The larger plants are hung-up so they get maximum. air circulation and avoid competing shade from neighbouring plants. In California they refertosuch orchids as “temperature tolerant”, and I think this is another Paul Gripp term! Basically this implies that the plant can be grown out of doors, and will take the cold of winter (down to brief periods at the frost level) to spells of extreme heat in summer. These plants can handle a wide temperature range, both throughout the year, and diurnal. A course well-drained bark based medium suits this hybrid well. Plants may be watered and fertilised liberally whilst in active growth (throughout the warmer months) with the plants kept dryer during their short winter dormancy. There are plans in Australia to have this cultivar mericloned. (All plants in this article of Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys’, grown and photographed by the author.) | David P. Banks Seven Hills, NSW Hills District Orchids www.hillsdistrictorchids.com email: david@hillsdistrictorchids.com

The Australian Orchid Review, June - July 2010

Above and Right: Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys’

Laeliocattleya Bowri-Albida ‘Kennedys

, photographs and electronic files are clearly marked with the author's name and address

Address editorial to: David P. Banks (Editor) Australian Orchid Review 39 Carole Street, Seven Hills NSW 2147 AUSTRALIA Email: david@hillsdistrictorchids.com

17

o 2) N = = = I v c S = = a S a o 3 i= Uv “= fe) c a To — 5 wn = <x o = io

aaraee a

Macodes sanderiana —

Text and photos by Michael Dorris

he orchids commonly described as _ “Jewel Orchids” are usually found in the Subfamily Spiranthoideae, Subtribe Goodyerinae with about 40 genera with about 480 species (Dressler 1983). They have patterned leaves that may have substantial colour and generally small and sometimes insignificant flowers. Jewel orchids grow on the forest floor, in low light, along creeks and rivers in the loam and mosses, hidden among fallen leaves, where the leaf netting resembles the veins of the fallen leaves, hiding them. Some can be found on mossy cliffs and rocky out cropping; these are regarded as lithophytes. Tending towards mildly acidic soils, regardless of limestone substrates. They are generally creeping plants with few roots that arise at the nodes of a horizontal stem.

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Macodes was created in 1840 by Lindley in Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants. The genus meaning “length” in Greek referring to the comparatively long lip, (but I am not sure what he was thinking). There are about ten described species within the genus that are frequently mistaken for Anoectochilus and Dossinia. The flowers of this genera have a slightly twisted column and small green or brown petals, often with glandular pubescence; in other words, hairs with sticky drops at the tips. The foliage of the species have little in common except they have more colours and patterns then other genera.

Macodes petola was also named in 1840 by Lindley in the above mentioned publication. It is found from Sumatra to the Philippines in lowland and lower montane forests as a warm growing

terrestrial with creeping rhizomes. Comber records it growing “in damp forests which do not have a long dry season, in rather dark situations from 300 - 1400m.” The plant has an inflorescence up to 20 cm tall, with few flowers (blooming in winter). seemingly smaller then you would expect for even a jewel orchid. The plant is a celebration of green and yellow iridescence. Macodes petola is one of the most common jewel orchids on the market because it’s easy to clone and has such good colour. There are a number of varieties; var. petola with yellow veins; var. robusta, with longitudinal veins only; and var. argenteoreticulata (syn. var. javanica), with white transverse veins that join with the longitudinal veins. There is a red form but it more burgundy then red and is regarded as

19

THE ORGAN

MOUNTAIN RANGE,

ITS HISTORY AND ITS ORCHIDS

D. Miller, R. Warren, I. Miller and H. Seehawer 2008

Devastated by the coffee and railway booms of the previous centuries, the Brazilian Organ Mountain Range still hides small fragments of original forest. This is an attractive, intelligent and important book which uses orchids to highlight the plight of this magical yet fragile environment. With over 600 species photographed in their own habitat it is a mine of useful information for growers. 315 orchid photos and 228 water colours — 602 species are described.

Hardcover. 572 pages. $1 30.00 Plus Postage

Visa/Mastercard accepted

Australian Orchid Foundation

AOR 021

P.O. Box 322, Essendon North, Vic. 3041 Phone/Fax (03) 5627 6303

www.australianorchidfoundation.org.au

20

being the Sumatran form. The standard form does develop a red tint in rich light. I find this species clumps and spreads like a weed. Macodes petola is easy to grow even if you don’t know anything about orchids. Like most jewel orchids it does tend to fall apart after it flowers; reduce the water by half helps prevent this. Interestingly, Macodes petola is in demand as a stimulant in traditional Borneo medicines. Leon Glicenstein of the late Hoosier Orchid Company, USA, recounts a tradition in Java where children just learning to read, eat Macodes petola to help them read as the veins resemble the letters of the local language. I tried it...but I felt nothing and it’s not the best tasting jewel orchid! Macodes lowii is something of a mystery. Found in Borneo as a terrestrial orchid that blooms in the summer, there is evidence it grows north of Borneo. The plant that falls under this name in the trade has bloomed as an unidentified Ancectochilus. So is the true species actually in cultivation? Anoectochilus lowii, (which is synonymous with Dossinia marmorata and Macodes lowii, depending on the reference), shows the complete mess involved as Anoectochilus and Dossinia and have flowers distinctly different then Macodes. Needless to say what is in cultivation has brownish leaves; white veins that blush pink with natural light, leggy, creeping. The new leaves tend to be a few shades of brown lighter. Tolerating a humid low of 32°C in summer and the occasional light frost in winter. I tend to think the real Macodes lowii is or could be a form of Dossinia marmorata. My plants have not yet bloomed. Macodes sanderiana is a warm growing terrestrial from Papua New Guinea from 400 to 800 metres growing in leaf-litter on rocks with almost oval leaves

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

that begin like Macodes petola but as they mature take on orange tones and gradually the squares of the geometric pattern turn black with lime green veins at the leaf base, yellow gold in the middle and orange towards the leaf tip. The whole leaf shifts and changes its colour as it ages - ending in a black collection of squares with yellow netting and a purplish underside. Blooms in the autumn and winter on a 25 to 30 cm tall thin spike with few, brown flowers that look like the head of a bee. A spike that might be best pinched off! After it flowers the plant seems to dissolve into a yellow shrivelled mess until it puts out a new shot or two and starts over again. Overall; slow growing with a few leaves, 8 cm. Does not have a creeping habit, but clumps well. Most often this plant is mistaken for Dossiniamarmorata, Macodes sanderianais not burgundy and has ever so slightly undulated leaf margins, which form a pale yellow frame around the leaf.

Cultivation

Light: Low light 500 to 1500 foot candles (easy to read a newspaper under) similar requirements to Phalaenopsis. They may be successfully grown as house plants.

Temperature: 15°C to 30°C generally, throughout the year.

Humidity: 50% is low. 70%+ is better. They do very well in terrariums with some air flow. High humidity is the key to growing these plants.

Water: Recall the old adage: “Know how to water an orchid, you know how to grow it”. In the growing

Mail Order Specialists Australia Wide (Except Western Australia/Tasmania)

NEW

LISTINGS AVAILABLE NOW

Priests Road (PO Box 96) Deception Bay, Brisbane, Qld 4508 Ph (07) 3888 3637 Fax (07) 3888 5271 Email: aranbeem@higpond.net.au

Nursery Open: Saturday — 9am-4pm Phone/Mail Orders: Mon-Sat — 9am-4pm Other times by appointment

AOR 042

8 ac g

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Perfect Orchid Products

Vita Rich

» insecticide. =, The safest product

mi to use on your oe o plant extract. = orchids for all es Rate of use those nasty pests - = 20ml per litre- \ 500m! $18.00/ | Sega. 250m! $12.00 1 litre $30.00 | | 500m! $22.00 Se ml) 1 litre $40.00

The Orchid Tray ieaiioaay ete PO Box 767, Sutherland, oe sales@orchidtrays.com.au

The ONLY place to shop for ALL your orchid supplies in the Sydney Metro. area

Above: Macodyera Amphisilva (Macodes sanderiana x Goodyera pubescens) what's interesting here is the Goodyera is an American native, from Canada to Florida and actually like to be cold, but combined well with one of the most tropical Macodes

Nutriflow « ASharp shooter Seaweed, Fish >) Slow release fertilizing Ready to use \ emulsion and ©, system. Fixes onto a insecticide — } blood and bone. (= garden hose for fixed _-=, 750ml $9.00

| Excellent balance } for all round feeding - ‘| 500ml only ) $10.00

> watering through a sprinkler or a wt "| nozzle waterer \forhand watering. \ % ) N.PK. 7.0 17.55.0-\% $27.00 each ' 1 Also available: Magamp Refill - $7.00 each

Pyrethrum Safe to use

pesticide. __ Made from

Eco oil

Natural miticide/

adding postage A applicable. Postage 1 item $12.00, Phone 0431 037.372 Puso® ten WWW.orchidtrays.com.au 3 or more items $20.00

|_VISA |

21

Above: Macodisia Lemon and Lime (Macodes sanderiana x Ludisia discolor var. ordiana)

Left: Macodes petola showing floral detail

Above: Macodes (cross-section of the leaves) the leaves of these are iridescent, and the reason is the way the cells on the leaf surface protrude and stand out. It is most prominent on the tropical Jewel Orchid genera and species

Left: Macodes petola x Anoectochilus formosanus showing floral detail on this intergeneric combination

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

season, once a week from spring to

autumn. In the resting season, halve the

water (or less), throughout winter.

Don’t be shy about letting it really dry

down to wilting; as root rot can kill a

hard to find plant. (And kill it much

quicker than a plant kept bone dry)

Media: Acid 5.5 to 6 pH. 10% charcoal, 50% high quality indoor plant potting mix, 40% 3mm bark; makes a good mix. Repot infrequently. Shallow pots, less than 5 cm deep. Repot in spring when new growth appear. People do like and use Sphagnum moss, I find it allows fertiliser salt build up and can lead to rot; it works sometimes and not others; I would suggest sterilising the moss before use.

Pests: Thankfully, not a lot of bugs eat Jewel orchids, but look out for the following:

e Mites are very small spider-like insects that can damage plants very quickly making the leaves look sandblasted. Low humidity brings mites. Slightly soapy water sprayed on the plants everyday for a week should control them; misting every day is not a mistake. I find the best overall control is 10 drops of essential oil from something like orange with 2 drops of liquid soap in 4 litres; used 2 to 3 times a week really keeps bugs under control.

Snails and slugs can eat collections and hide in the media. From mild to wild. Put pot in water for 24 hrs, the slugs/snails crawl to the top. Diatomaceous earth, spread on the surface of the media, must be a bit dry to work. Iron phosphate, is toxic to them but must be eaten, scatter on medianotontheleaves. Metaldehyde, the most toxic pesticide, scatter on media surface, not on the leaves. Trying a bit of all will do the best job. Take the necessary precautions when using such chemicals (especially regarding children and family pets).

Possums/squirrels and rats/mice: will eat a collection then go for lunch. Shot guns are not the answer in the house; traps, live or very sticky and excluding the rodents from the area by sealing holes, works. Poisons get you a dead mouse in your walls. Recall rats/mice hit at night, squirrels (or as I call them tree rats) by day for us in the USA.

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

References

Averyanov, Cribb, Loc, Hiep. Slipper Orchids of Vietnam, with an introduction to the flora of Vietnam. Timber Press. 2003.

Comber J.B Orchids of Java. The Bentham-Moxon Trust, Royal Botanical Garden, Kew. 1990

Dressler, R. The Orchids, Natural History and Classification. Harvard University Press. 1981.

Dressler, R. Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family. Dioscorides Press, 1993.

Pradhan. Udai. Indian orchids: Guide to Identification @ Culture, Vol, 1 and 2. 1976,1979.

Pradhan. Udai and Pradhan S. Himalayan Jewel Orchids and how to grow them. Primulaceae books and Himalayan Orchid Exports. 2005.

Teo, Chris K.H. Native Orchids of Peninsular Malaysia. Times Books International, 1985. |

Michael Dorris Florida, USA Email: micdor@mindspring.com

NATIVE ORCHIDS

Latest Release Seedlings Flowering Size Plants Hot/Cold and Cold Growers

We only stock quality plants from Australia’s best hybridists

Native species including Dendrobium, Cymbidium and Sarcochilus

LARGE SPECIMENS AVAILABLE

We also stock treefern, slabs, stakes, pots, sphagnum and bush moss, orchid bark

B&T Ferns & Orchids

30 Wiseman Road Silvan, Victoria 3795

Fax/Phone: (03) 9737 9694 Melway Ref. 123

Open 7 days a week

AOR 089

Easy Orchids « Casino Travel Shoppe

are planning tours to the next World Orchid Conference to be held in

Singapore in November 2011.

As experienced tour professionals we offer many benefits including extensive local knowledge. In 2003 we hosted some 78 travellers to the World Orchid Conference in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia & had a memorable time. Who cannot remember the “nightcaps” in the Casino Travel Office in

the hotel in Kuala Lumpur?

For this next tour we will offer side trips to places such as West Malaysia, Borneo, Thailand, Vietnam & around Singapore itself. We will offer straight in & straight home deals or we can build a personal tour to anywhere

for anyone.

Early interest has been strong so we are asking for “Registration of Interest” from anyone who is keen to attend this great spectacle & as places are limited your registration is sought as early as possible.

Please call Easy Orchids on 0266 822 635 or Casino Travel

on 02 66 626 255 to register ork

Phone: 02 6682 2635

or further details.

3 Sussex Street, Woodburn, NSW 2472

Fax: 02 6682 2605

23

NSW 2001

Uu e8 3s Qc

Growing New Guinea Dendrobium species and hybrids from Section Latouria

have been growing orchids and

Australian native orchids for over 25 years. Over the last decade or so, thanks to Phil Spence, I have been encouraged to grow some of the delightful and rewarding Papua New Guinea (Section Latouria) Dendrobium species and hybrids. I have had some wonderful days working with Phil, if you can call it that, in his yard and bush-house cleaning up plants, repotting, talking, listening and observing how they are best grown. Working in the bush-house is my form of relaxation, away from the hassles and problems of the workday world. While potting we discuss plants and potting methods, how and where different plants grow and the names of the plants (hybrids) and the background on how some of them came into being and how and why they were named.

It was during some of these potting sessions that I really got to look at the heart of the plants, the root system. Now I do remember that when I started growing orchids, and not just natives, I was told that if you grew a good root system then the plant would look after itself. It seems that sometimes we forget the basics as times and potting methods and materials change as well as our environment, and the change can be so gradual that you don’t notice it.

We are living on the Northern Beaches area of Sydney NSW where you can grow just about anything. Our growing area is a bush-house that was originally part of a commercial tunnel house it is

Dendrobium atroviolaceum

by Bill Dobson

13.0m long x 6.5m wide and at the peak of the roof 3.6m tall. It runs directly north-south, and is on the western side of our block of land. We get good light and early morning sun on most of it even early in the morning in winter. It’s covered with 50% green woven shade cloth with an extra covering of 50% shadecloth on the northern quarter all year round. Inside we have treated pine timber benches that are topped with galvanised weldmesh that the pots sit on. As well as this we have a layer of mesh and galvanised pipe 2.5m above the ground that a lot of our plants are hung from.

Over the years the conditions in our yard have changed but it didn’t quite click with me, as this can be a slow gradual process. When we started we used to have trouble holding the plants on the benches because we had so much wind we had to prop bricks against them in the winter to prevent them from blowing off the benches and ending up on the ground. In those days we had our bush-house on the eastern side of our block but then changed it over to the western side against a paling fence. At the same time as this happened our neighbour subdivided his block and built a house directly alongside our bush- house only 5 metres from the fence with a result that now we had very little wind.

So here we get back to the basics again, to grow successfully you need light, water, air, and food. I was still watering the same regime but the

Dendrobium finisterrae

potting mix we were using and the lack of good airflow was making the plants stay wet for too long, especially in winter. Good airflow is airflow round ALL the plant and this includes the root structure as well.

I had listened to Ken Russell (Dungog, NSW) talk on experiments he had made with measuring the temperature of pots and potting medium in winter and recording the difference from the rim of the pot to the centre and seeing it colder in the centre. This resulted in Ken doing an experiment by placing chunks of styrene foam up under the roots of the plant. The plants responded and the conclusion proved correct that the foam was insulating the roots.

Phil Spence had been using a mix for most of the PNG Dendrobium and Aussie natives of 4 parts medium bark and 20% styrene beads, preferably the large ones. He said that while in PNG they had been doing tests on some of the plants to see why some of them could withstand temperatures of 30° C during the day and yet down to almost 0° C at night.

Dendrobium engae

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010 25

Dendrobium convolutum ‘Tinonee’

Right: Dendrobium forbesii

Left: Dendrobium rhodostictum

The recordings showed that while the temperature of the plant above the roots varied by 30° CG, the root ball, which was buried in the peat moss didn’t vary by more than 2° C and seemed to keep a constant 17-19° C.

Thus the plant was able to survive and thrive in these conditions by insulating its roots. So while thousands of kilometres apart both these orchid growers and hybridists had come to the same conclusion that if the roots were insulated the plants could stand a fair variation in temperatures.

When I first started growing orchids there was a culture of potting up a plant and pressing down the mix so you could lift the plant up and the pot and mixture would not fall off. Even today some stick by this creed! Now here I was learning a different technique from Phil, just hold the plant pour in the mix then pat the sides of the pot to settle it down. If necessary top up with extra mix, then either stake the plant or use a hanger to

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Dendrobium tapiniense

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

f Ft

support the plant and tie the plant to the hanger with wire or twist-ties.

I started using this system on some of our plants at first; I wasn’t going to make wholesale changes just in case. However, after the first year I noticed that plants I had potted up like this were responding really well. So we potted up some more, and they went even better. I have taken out plants this year from three years back that I must say have fantastic roots systems. So for me this is working well. Another thing I learnt that is important is that most Dendrobiums should be potted above the mix. In other words if the mix in the pot is shaped like a small hill then the orchid should sit on top of it, not buried above the eyes in it. This bark and styrene mix is perfect for us and we are growing them well.

One of the subjects that we talked about was Phil’s “secret formula” that was sprinkled onto the bark and styrene mix before potting up. This was based on the UC-System published in the late fifties by the University of California on container management for plants with

28

soil-less media. Phil copied me some of the relevant pages of different formulas and indicated the one he was using, and having success with. So I decided that I would give this a try as well. I was surprised how long it stays on the bark

and seems to give the something to get into.

My goal in growing orchids both species and hybrids is to grow them to their maximum potential and if I can do that they should reward me with a great display of flowers. To do this I realised that unlike in the wild where conditions were “hit and miss” plants did not often reach their maximum potential because of where they fell and the varying climatic conditions and nutrients available. So while I had been fertilising our plants it really was a bit hit and miss in my greenhouse as well. After a fair bit of research, and talking to people who grew their plants very well, I mapped out a growing or “orchid maintenance” program that would suit the plants that we grow and where and how we grow them. This program would include

new roots

Dendrobium Aussie’s Flash (finisterrae x convolutum)

watering, feeding, spraying fungicides and insecticides, so that we could get our “crop” to the optimum growth with all the nutrients required to produce a good head of flowers. The main thing I realised was that to be effective it must be done on a regular basis, no excuses or deviations. So I chose Saturday morning to fertilise on our program, rain or shine, EVERY Saturday for the length of the program. For our Australian natives and PNG species and hybrids, and probably 90% of all our plants, growth is from spring through to autumn and a flowering from July to October. For the PNG species and hybrids growth and flowering is from November to April. So from autumn to spring (winter) we do not have much growth and its usually cold and sometimes wet as well so this time of the year we do not fertilise and sometimes do not water for up to 10 days. So I start our program 15t week in October and go through to the 1st week in May. For us it works really well, and the plants are giving multiple growths and exceptional flowering. Each year we

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

have been getting a better flowering on our plants.

We have and are continuing to get bigger and fatter pseudobulbs, and these in turn are giving us better inflorescences and flowers. With our Australian natives and PNG species and hybrids we are growing the younger plants on the benches and the mature plants are hung to give them the maximum air that our conditions will allow, I'd still like more air movement. The PNG plants in spring and summer are watered almost daily.

OK now some of the fabulous species that really are easy to grow.

Dendrobium atroviolaceum

Sea Level to 1000m. A magnificent species with white/cream petals with violet spots and the labellum is yellow with violet and green. The plants we have came from Phil and he has some variation in these. These really are hardy and tough with flowers that have amazing texture and last for up to 3 months.

Dendrobium engae

From the Enga province growing at 1800 to 2700m on large branches of Nothofagus trees in montane forests. A

Dendrobium Aussie’s Pixie (aberrans x convolutum)

cool growing species that loves strong light, water and plenty of air movement, but will not tolerate continued hot weather. Yellow green thick pseudobulbs and bright green upright leathery leaves, and can flower on a relatively small plant. Flowers are a light green and are filled in, can open fairly flat, lasting up to 10 weeks. Labellum can be peppered with spots or stripes. Some have different fragrances.

Dendrobium finisterrae

Growing from 1300 to 2100m in the montane forests as an epiphyte in expose conditions on upper branches. Loves good light, water and plenty of air movement. From the ‘Hairy Mary’ clan this has flowers that do not open flat, however they are spectacularly covered in thick hairs right down over the ovary. Flowers last for weeks.

Dendrobium forbesii

Growing from 900 to 1700m in the PNG montane forests as an epiphyte. This is one of my favourites. A large robust species with definite club shaped pseudobulbs, and large leathery leaves. Whilst the inflorescences are relatively

short there are 8 to 15 white to light green crystalline flowers that are large, 70mm, and long lasting. Another flower that has very hairy ovaries. Loves good light, water and plenty of air movement.

Dendrobium polysema

From eastern PNG growing from 1200 to 1900m in the PNG montane forests as an epiphyte, and into the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu from sea level to 1000m. This is a medium to large heavy epiphyte. It has large thick club like pseudobulbs that are covered in papery bracts that get filled with water. It is essential that this water be replaced with fresh by heavy watering. Eventually the bracts can be removed. It has large leathery leaves. The flowers are variable but are spectacularly spotted, with a lovely lime-green pollen cap. This is very hairy on the backs of the sepals and ovary. The flowers are very long lasting and in nature this species can flower all year round.

Dendrobium rhodostictum

Growing from 800 to 1200m in the PNG montane forests as an epiphyte and at terrestrial on steep well-drained

slopes of moss covered limestone. This is a smaller species with thinner pseudobulbs with flowers that tend to nod. The flowers on a large plant are spectacular, usually pure crystalline white with a violet edge and spotting to the labellum. These can be from 60 to 90mm across, are fragrant and last from 6-8 weeks in winter and spring. By the way there is a very good reason for the plants to nod as in their environment with torrential rain every day the flowers would spoil if facing upright. Dendrobium tapiniense

Growing from 1800 to 2400m in the Central Province, in the Tapini area of PNG. It grows high in the trees with cool nights and warm days with constant rainfall and high humidity. Here in Sydney it grows easily with the same conditions as my Dendrobium speciosum. It loves strong light, water and plenty of air movement so hang it high. The flowers, 3 to 15, are nothing short of spectacular and are extremely rigid with heaps of texture, and last for 3-4 months. Some fabulous hybrids will be made with this.

I suppose that over the years I have been seen as a species ‘nut’ as I have

actively encouraged more growing and benching of species plants. But here it would be remiss of me not to mention one of my favourite plants, and yes it’s a hybrid.

Phil Spence has been growing orchids for over 50 years and has hybridised thousands of orchids and registered some hundreds. This one in one of his best, Dendrobium Gerald McCraith. Phil has been interested in the Latouria Section of Dendrobiums from PNG and Irian Jaya for well over 30 years. In 1985 he realised the potential of two magnificent but not often seen species. Dendrobium engae, which came from Wabag in the Enga Province of PNG described by Tom Reeve in The Orchadian in 1979, and Dendrobium convolutum, which came from Fichhafen in the Morobe Province of PNG, originally described by Rolf from a plant sent to him by FE Sander. This is a slender growing Latouria that comes from a coastal region but can grow up to 50m in altitude. Generally it likes it a little warmer and lesser amount of light. The pseudobulbs are up to 30cm with large dark green leaves. It’s the flowers that makes this spectacular, apple green with a labellum that can be so suffused with

Kempsey, NSW

(Ted & Winsome Walmsicy and ANOS Mid North: ‘Coast Group) }

This premier event will follow closely after the 6th rubs sian Native Orchid Conference & Show in Newcastle providing all conférence attendees as well as others an ideal opportunity to see a massed display of some of the best speciosums in the country as well as a range of other Australian species and hybrids of superb quality. Definitely a must on your list of orchid activities for this year. All welcome to exhibit and judging will be by an all ANOS panel. Monetary prizes and trophies will be awarded.

Interstate entries are encouraged with a prize for the most travelled orchid.

Dates: Fri 3'9 Sept

Sat 4th Sept

Details:

[ AOR 072

& Australian Orchid Species antl / Hybrid Show 201

rw F; es +4 *< / ferme ne Ue a ~ ( df $ 2R SIF NOS

10am to 49m 9am to 4pm [closed for judging b/w 11am and 12 noon on Sot 4*] Sun 5th Sept 9am to 4pm

Location: 57 Spooners Avenue, Greenhills via Kempsey.

€lectronic copy of brochure with locality map,

show schedule and associated events available by e-mailing John Zietsch at jzi01935@bigpond.net.au OR contact Ted Walmsley on (02) 6562 7150 or Uoyd Edwards on (02) 6556 9766.

| aes

iN kn,

ra 7s: hy ame PAP Nee i is

dark blood-plum purple that is it is often mistaken for black.

In early 1985 Phil crossed the above two plants and on 94 July 1985 the first seeds germinated in the flask. With every year passing and more of these plants flowering Phil realised what a consistently good flowering plant had been created. He decided it would be fitting that such a magnificent plant be named to honour an eminent person associated with orchids in Australia for over half a century, Gerald McCraith OAM, FAOC, who passed away last year at the age of 100.

A plant that in the initial stages probably will grow quicker in a cold glass house rather than the bushhouse. However, this is a plant that will grow and thrive in the bushhouse. Once it gets to a size it multiplies rapidly. On my plant it has put on 23 pseudobulbs in the last 3 years. This is a plant that will make a specimen and a dazzling one at that. Like a lot of the Latouria Dendrobiums it has many nodes to flower off and will do this repeatedly for many years so you tend to get a display of flowers all over the plant. As well as this it can flower at any time of the year.

For new list and tours

visit our website www. orchidproductions.com.au Email: philspenceorchidpro@msn.com

PO Box 3525, Wamberal NSW 2260 Phone: 0408 994 696 Fax: 02 4384 4304

«4°. RETINA AUSTRALIA

is Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the major cause of youth blindness!

If you have RP, or know someone who has, please contact the charity/support group

RETINA AUSTRALIA

D>

FIGHTING BLINDNESS For information and assistance phone 1800 999 870 www.retinaAustralia.com.au

wo nN So fea ie} <

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Picture a plant with over 20 inflorescences carrying from 8 to 15 flowers per raceme. Flowers that are 50mm flat, well filled in and a brilliant ‘Granny Smith’ apple green and an almost black labellum. Now picture that plant with flowers in show-bench condition for over 3 months! This is what you have with this plant. To top this off most of the original clones have been awarded an Award of Merit as was ours (Dendrobium Gerald McCraith ‘Bill’ AM/AOC) in 2003. The more recent plants that have been remade since the original batch have been made with a Dendrobium convolutum that has a ‘blacker’ labellum than the original.

If you are looking for plants handling a wide temperature range - that will flower over the summer months, don’t need a glasshouse, look great and can go to meetings for 3 to 5 months, then you can hardly go past some PNG species and hybrids. Good growing! Hi

Bill Dobson

Elanbee Orchids

Cromer, NSW

Email: bdobson@optusnet.com.au

Website: http://members.optusnet.com.au/bdobson/

Dendrobium Gerald McCraith ‘Bill’

Featuring:

Early Bird

Standard

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

« Miriam Ann Orchids

= us Alan & Miriam Merriman ; 89 Levy Street, Glenbrook NSW 2773

Sydney’s only one stop Orchid Shop

We carry a full range of pest and disease control chemicals suitable for use on orchids.

The home of Merri Fert and Merri Cote.

We also carry a full range of Port Pots,

Debco Bark, Potting Media and all you require for your orchids.

WE ARE PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE THE RELEASE OF

Alan’s Fertiliser Handbook

2nd edition now available $22 + p&p

Alan’s Pest & Disease Handbook still available for $16.50 +p&p.

© Plants, seedlings of most genera in stock.

© Nursery open most weekends or by appointment.

© Closed last weekend of the month. Please ring before coming

Ph: 02 4739 5141

Fax: 02 4749 8090 Mobile: 0439 514141 Email: mirannorchids @ pnc.com.au MASTERCARD AND VISA WELCOME

6th Australasian Native Orchid

Conference & Show

Proudly hosted by the Newcastle Group

26th-29th August 2010 Set up 25th

Newcastle - Club Panthers Cnr King & Union Streets, Newcastle

© Spectacular native orchid displays by the best growers in the country.

© Guest speakers lecturing on a diverse range of native orchid topics.

Native orchid vendors plus much more.

Tours taking in the delights of the Hunter including wine tasting, whale watching, Kempsey Speciosum Spectacular or river cruise the Myall River to view dockrillia teretefolia in full bloom & wildlife.

REGISTRATIONS NOW OPEN EARLY BIRD REGISTRATIONS CLOSE 31ST MARCH 2010

$180

Partner $120

$220

Partner $160 Day Registration $50 Cheques payable to

6th ANOS Conference & Show PO Box 4021 Rathmines NSW 2283 or register on line visit www.anos.org.au/conference/

For further information please contact Conference Secretary peterdenS2@bigpond.com or phone Greg Hannah 0411340570

31

Above: Original painting of Dendrobium canaliculatum by Cary Polis

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Growing Dendrobium canaliculatum in Cooler Climates

by Cary Polis

endrobium canaliculatum is one of Ds absolute favourite orchids, but in our environment in the Sydney region can be very tricky to grow. Basically it is a tropical lowland orchid whose range in Queensland extends from North Queensland as far south as Rockhampton onthe Tropic of Capricorn. I find it to be a particularly rewarding orchid but I do have to be quite careful how I grow it.

In the growing season it will respond to copious amounts of watering and feeding but by Winter (May) I keep it dry and allow it to get as much light as possible. I also find that the most foolproof way to grow it is on a mount and I find that the best mount is just a

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

piece of hardwood (fence paling is ideal). Even in summer, this orchid does not like to stay wet for any length of time. Igrowmyplantsina heated glasshouse and J aim for a minimum of no less than 12 degrees Celsius. Also, I have just removed the shadecloth as well so as to maximise the light intensity and even in summer I always have the plants up high. In late April, some of them are already starting to show nodes beginning to swellindicating that the inflorescences are initiating. These plants will stay dry now until late winter/early spring when they will be watered very sparingly. The emergence of actual buds is a good guide as to when you can give some water. These plants are fantastic to see in the

wild. They can be very hard to see at first but once you see the first one they seem to be everywhere at times. They invariably seem to grow on. paperbarks (Melaleuca sp.), usually on ones that are sparse and spindly and in the dry season you wonder how these. plants are surviving and yet the canaliculatums look absolutely terrific flowering their heads off on these trees. The other thing that strikes me about Dendrobium canaliculatum is how variable it actually is with a huge range of colour from very light yellow all the way through to chocolate. Also, vegetative forms vary tremendously from very short ones around the Cooktown area to quite tall forms in other areas.

33

Although small, the flowers are very beautiful with their antelope petals and beautiful colours and markings, and they all seem to vary, if only slightly. So, as you can see, even though it sounds like a fair bit of trouble, I think it is well worth persevering with this orchid.

(Photos taken in situ by David Banks, near Mt Garnet, North Queensland).

Cary Polis

President,

Manly Warringah Orchid Society Email: carypolis@optusnet.com.au

SOR cao 28 cl remmrrnneei anacsaneneseamnialahiuiaaes

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

_ This is a newly registered hybrid (2009) — made by Jenny Walsh from New Zealand -asDendrobiumWomad. — It is a hybrid between Dockrillia fuliginosa (as Dendrobium fuliginosum) from — ce _ New Guinea and the Australian Dendrobium _ tetragonum. This cross was initially made — by Darryl Smedley (with different parents) _ but was never registered by him. It also has averyunusualgrowthhabit! = ~ Plant: Jenny Walsh, Photo: David Banks -

thos manglesii Kings Park Perth WA

: Anigozan

Below

ia flava

Caladen

= ) > c a) nn co) a wv = =) r= oO a a = jo2) i= 3 Q oO = = oO OU

Left

Albany WA

ia coccinea

ight: Banks,

R

Caladenia eminens (hybrid) Tenterden WA

he organisers are compiling an email database for the

forthcoming 19» Australian Orchid Conference, 2012 to be held in Perth, Western Australia in 2012. Please email us (aocconference@dodo.com.au) if you wish to receive our updates from time to time regarding this Conference and related tour activities.

The web site for the 19'» Australian Orchid Conference, 2012 is now up and running at.... http://www.waorchids.iinet.net.au/19th_AOC_Conference.htm

It is of course early days as the conference is still some time away, but it is never too soon to be making your plans to visit Western Australia in 2012. It is early days for the 19th AOC Conference web site too and it will be updated as there are new developments. So far we have some items to stir your interest, with all the usual pages of contacts, subscribing to our e-Newsletter, and a page About Us, the hard working 19th AOC Conference Committee. Here you can put faces to the mysterious volunteers who toil behind the scenes.

The “What's New” page gives you the very latest in our thinking, including our intention to make application for the 22nd World Orchid Conference, which will be held in 2017, plus our proposed attendance at the 20th WOC in Singapore in 2011 to promote both Perth 2012 and the 2294 WOC application.

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

"Caladenia chapmanii j ste WA

Information regarding the 19tt AOC Conference venue; Lecture Program, our vendors, and a host of other interesting facts will be posted as they come to hand, so please bookmark the home page for future reference. Future pages will bring you information regarding accommodation, orchid and wildflower tours, registration, the schedule, home visits, what to see in Perth and Western Australia and a proposed gallery of Western Australia’s unique native orchids.

Should you have any queries or questions regarding the 19th AOC Conference please feel free to email us or write to us at, The Secretary, 19tt Australian Orchid Conference, P.O. Box 576 Morley 6062 Western Australia.

(Editor’s Note: I attended the WA Orchid Spectacular event of 2005 and it was a wonderful, friendly and well-organised conference with some outstandingly well grown and flowered orchids on display. The native orchids and wildflowers are just breathtaking at this time of year, and that alone well worth the time and expense spent travelling to Western Australia. DPB)

Tony Watkinson Webmaster

19th AOC Conference 2012 Email: waos@iinet.net.au

37

38

—

Dendrobium Golden Blossom

he Johnstone River Crocodile Farm is owned and operated by Mick and Margaret Tabone who have lived in Innisfail, North Queensland all their lives, and between them have 50 years experience with crocodiles. On display are 3500 crocodiles which are mostly estuarine crocs ranging in size from 30 centimetres to a huge 5.2 metre monster called Gregory who weighs 1200 kilograms. There are also freshwater crocodiles so you can compare the difference between the two. Visitors are taken on an educational guided tour explaining how crocodiles breed, survive, and how by farming them they are actually conserving these magnificent reptiles. In the tropical garden setting, the Tabone’s have incorporated a lot of epiphytic orchids into the landscape, with many species and hybrid “softcane” dendrobiums and vandas established on palm trees and other suitable hosts. In this climate these orchids thrive without any special care, and bloom profusely, as can be seen in the photos. This further highlights the use of orchids as maintenance- free garden plants.

Johnstone River Crocodile Farm Flying Fish Point Road, Innisfail, Queensland.

(07) 4061 1121

email: crocodile@crocfarm.com

os at

An epiphytic garden of “softcane” Dendrobium _—_ Dendrobium Star Sapphire hybrids and elkhorn ferns

‘ie P a. An old “softcane” Dendrobium hybrid

The Australian Orchid Review, June —July 2010

van Le

Specimen Dendrobium hybrid protected by a couple of friends

IN ee Or F Cra

SQUARE VANDA POTS 165mm x 165mm x 80mm 100mm x 100mm x 60mm => ORCHID POTS 200mmx100mm 120mmx 120mm 80mmx 65mm BASKET POTS 300mm x 120mm) =175mmx120mm 100mmx120mm 70mm x50mm 200mm x 130mm 250mm x 150mm =150mmx 100mm 100mm x 75mm 60mm x 70mm 140mm x 100mm 200mm x 200mm © 125mmx75mm 80mmx100mm 50mmx 65mm 80mm x 75mm

21 Jambali Road, Port Macquarie, NSW 2444 Australia

Phone: (02) 6581 1735 Fax: (02) 6581 1736

Website: www.orchidpotco.com Email: orchidpotco@tsn.cc

8 c ro) <

ORCHID SPECIAL ; A&B FERTILISERS The Eighth

Food for all Orchid Species “ = FF \ : Crystalline — fully water Min ara Orchi aur soluble — especially

manufactured for better

orchids. Rich in 8 essential d Show mineral trace elements. an

(Yellow Compound) 11.13.16 Saturday 26!" June - 9AM - 5PM, Sunday 27" June - 9AM - 3PM

Applied at initiation of flower spikes and continued Br cipctanali Acheson ae ori ote eles MINGARA RECREATION CLUB

fl ing and ensures a better bloom.

ee istsana MINGARA DRIVE, TUMBI UMBI (central coast) NSW

(Blue Compound) 30.4.8 ie For established plants, applied at completion of Admission free Bus groups welcome

flowering through to initiation of flower spikes. Young

and developing orchids should be fed regularly the No parking problems Top air-conditioned venue Wil01e year. Fae OPE SESE Oe ae : d ,

a fescing 15g ins itres of Water Reatariescna Good wheelchair access Great foo and drinks

2g in 5 litres of water.

~ Campbell Orchid Special A&B ORCHID DISPLAYS AND FREE ADVICE Fertilisers “just for good orchids” BRIGHTON ORCHID NURSERY, DARK STAR ORCHIDS, EASY ORCHIDS,

For the name of your local supplier contact: MACQUARIE NATIVE ORCHIDS, ORCHIDACEOUS BOOKS, CEDARVALE ORCHIDS, NSW: Produc of Excelence 02) 9417 0277, Beresior FONG PING ORCHIDS, ORCHID CARE SERVICES, DAVID KEANELLY ORCHIDS, Orchids (02) 9180 7985. ACT? CLO “Suppl, ORCHID SPECIES PLUS, B&T FERN AND ORCHIDS, THE ORCHID TRAY COMPANY, QLD: Burne Agencies (07) 3904 201) dG a At KAWANA NURSERY, JOHNSTON'S ORCHIDS, ROSELLA ORCHIDS, ORCHID PRODUCTIONS, Seario (07) 5497 2022, WA: Nurserymens ‘Supplies TINONEE ORCHID NURSERY, WOOLF ORCHID CULTURE, NICKY’S SLIPPERS, ATTA oS OBR EoRTCbo0 Sao scee aoe ORCHIDS ON NEWBOLD, STOCKERS ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS, COACHWOOD NURSERIES.

COLIN eaMpsethicheniatey PTY. LTD. For more information please contact:- Anne Nuttal (02) 4351 0891

5 5 Blacktriar Place, Wetherill Park, NSW 2164 lan Slade (02) 4373 1186 Telephone (02) 9725 2544 Fax: (02) 9604 7768 ; See. Box 6789, Wetherll Park, NSW 2164, Phil Spence 0408 994 696 a

AOROOS

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010 39

Rudolf Jenny 2010 i

Seanlioned hernandezii isa high elevation : 8 epiphytic and lithophytic species ___ from Western Mexico. RudolfJenny will be publishing the most current Stanhopea monograph later this year, that will provide an excellent guide _ to their history, identification, —

_ classification and cultivation.

Plan Tinonee Orchids, Photo: D.P. Banks

‘ Be, |. Pescatorera klabochorum. ~* in cultivation

' a 4 SS OAS Uf

) aan se mE LIA C C (7

and the t

kl

| r\VYO\T NAY <

y

abi

@

A rf ew

by Rudolf Jenny

o lee species within the genus Pescatorea belong to some of i the showiest orchids from Central and South America. Pescatorea klabochorum is a rather typical species for the genus and it is dedicated to the two brothers Eduard and Franz Klaboch, together with their famous Uncle Benedict Roezl who were active and well known orchid collectors.

Pescatorea klabochorum Rchb.f. Gardeners’ Chronicle new series, 11:684.1879

Pescatorea klabochorum var. burfordiensis Rchb.f. Gardeners’ Chronicle new series, 12:167.1879

Pescatorea klabochorum var. ornatissimum Rchb.f. Gardeners’ Chronicle new series, 21:76.1884

Zygopetalum klabochorum Rchb.f. Gardeners’ Chronicle new series, 11:684.1879

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Pescatorea klabochorum was described by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach in the Gardeners’ Chronicle in 1879. The author got dried material from the nursery of Veitch, the plants where originally collected by Franz Klaboch. Reichenbach wrote: “it is one of the best discoveries of the most recent orchid victim, our good late Franz Klaboch, who wished that it should bear his brother’s and his name at once.” Reichenbach had only one dried flower, and he had to boil it up (to soften and partly rehydrate it) to make a drawing and his comment is very interesting: “... I never in my life saw a softened flower grow to such extent before my eyes as this, and now I have a careful sketch at hand with measurements of the soft flower, and the once much smaller flower in a dry state.” This particular flower is still in the herbarium of Reichenbach in Vienna (no.49867).

41

2 EEE OSES ee

Reichenbach was one of the very few taxonomists who succeeded in describing the same species based on the same type in the same publication under two different names, at the end of the Latin description he also named it Zygopetalum klabochorum. This binomial is today treated as a synonym of Pescatorea klabochorum and is not to be confused with Zygopetalum klabochii, described by Reichenbach in the Gardeners’ Chronicle in 1885 after a plant from the collection of C. Dorman in England. Schlechter recombined Zygopetalum klabochii in 1920 in Feddes Repertorium Beihefte to Kefersteinia klabochii (Rchb.f.) Schlechter. In the famous “Scrap Books” of John Day we find a perfect watercolour drawing of Pescatorea klabochorum, dated from 24th September 1878 — that means before the formal first description by Reichenbach - Day bought the plant at the auction of one of Klaboch’s orchid collections at Stevens on 26th June 1878 as Pescatorea dayana. When he saw the first flower, he sent it to Reichenbach who determined it first as Pescatorea backhouseana and later in 1879 as Pescatorea klabochorum.

Reichenbach described in Gardeners’ Chronicle in the same year also Pescatorea klabochorum vax. burfordiensis, based on a

>» % . ) \ ’

at

fresh flower he got in July 1879 from the collection of Trevor Lawrence in Burford Lodge, England. In 1884 Reichenbach added in Gardeners’ Chronicle Pescatorea klabochorum var. ornatissimum to the list of synonyms, also this variety is based on a single fresh flower from the collection of Trevor Lawrence in England. Reichenbach made drawings of both flowers before he dried them, flowers and drawings are today in his herbarium in Vienna.

The first drawing of the species originates from the journal L’Illustration Horticole in 1881, the drawing was made by P. de Pannemacker after a plant from the collection of the nursery Linden in Ghent, the accompanying text was written by Reichenbach himself. A second coloured drawing of our species was published in 1882 in the second edition of Paxton’s Flower Garden, the plate is missed in the first edition of 1850 — 1853, the species was not yet known at this time and the article in the second edition is not from Lindley and/or Paxton, as both died 1865, long before Pescatorea klabochorum was known. The plate was made after a plant from the collection of W. Cobb, Sydenham, England. A third drawing followed 1882 in the famous Orchid Album by

Above: Pescatorea klabochorum Type of the species (49867) in the Reichenbach herbarium in Vienna

Below: Pescatorea klabochorum, drawing by John Day, dated 24/9/1878

(ex slide R. Jenny, with the kind permission of the Director and Trustees of the

. _ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew [copyright Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew])

KA

Robert

Williams illustration was made after a plant in the collection of the Victoria and Paradise nursery of B.S. Williams, Moore wrote the text and he was the first mentioning

Warner, and Thomas

Benjamin Samuel Moore. The

the synonymy of Reichenbach’s Zygopetalum klabochorum with Pescatorea klabochorum. In 1890 a perfect drawing of Pescatorea klabochorum was published by G. Sommer in the German journal Gartenflora, together with a reprint of a flower dissection published earlier by Pfitzer in 1889 in Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien.

A spectacular plant like this species was naturally also illustrated in the famous Reichenbachia, published by the nursery Sander in St. Albans in England. The plate — published in 1894 as Zygopetalum klabochorum — was printed being a drawing by Harry Moon, with the text from Robert Allen Rolfe. The drawing was made after a plant from the collection of the Royal Gardens Hannover-todayknownasHerrenhdauser

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Garten — under its director Hermann Wendland. Moon painted a plant with visible pseudobulbs and it is questionable whether he really hada plant of Pescatorea and not an Odontoglossum or Miltoniopsis in his hands, although the flowers are clearly belonging to the genus Pescatorea, they certainly do not belong to the depicted plant, even more it is questionable whether the flowers represent Pescatorea klabochorum and not Pescatorea dayana. The last illustration shown here is from Alfred Gelestin Cogniaux’ and Alphonse Goossens’ Dictionnaire Iconographique des Orchidées, the plate was made by Goossens after a plant in the collection of Augustine André Peeters in St. Gilles-Brussels, Belgium, and was published in 1900. Most probably the illustrated plant was Pescatorea dayana and not Pescatorea klabochorum, as both species are very similar in colouration, the main difference is the surface of the lip.

Still Pescatorea klabochorum is a relatively seldom seen plantin collections

Above: Pescatorea klabochorum var. ornatissimum, drawing of the flower from T. Lawrence (no.49866)

Left: Pescatorea klabochorum var. burfordiensis, drawing of the flower from T. Lawrence (no.49869)

and rather often the species is cultivated labeled as Pescatorea dayana or Pescatorea backhouseana.

Pescatorea vs. Pescatoria

A small detail at the end: the generic name Is written correctly Pescatorea and not — as used in several recent publications and most unfortunately in the Kew World Monocot Checklist - Pescatoria. It is true that Reichenbach published the genus in 1852 in Botanische Zeitung as Pescatoria, but this is an orthographic error and according to the. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature such orthographic errors can be corrected. Reichenbach dedicated the genus to Jean-Pierre Pescatore (and not Pescatori), so the correct spelling is without any doubt Pescatorea. The name of Pescatore was also used as an epithet (species name) in other species, like Lueddemannia pescatorei, and in this case Reichenbach spelled it correctly, if the spelling Pescatoria would be accepted, all epithets dedicated to Pescatore would

43

Drawing of Pescatorea klabochorum from L'Illustration Horticole, 1881

have to be changed for the sake of consistency in nomenclature. Reichenbach himself was obviously aware of the wrong spelling, when he described Pescatorea klabochrum - and other species of the same genus after 1852 - he did it in the correct way, with the intended spelling. Jean-Pierre Pescatore was born in Luxembourg in 1793. In 1834 he moved to France and became a Banker after he earned a fortune in the tobacco-business, as it is said by illegal activities. When Louis- Philippe was overthrown during the revolution of 1848, Pescatore already had one of the largest and finest collections of orchids in Europe at Chateau de la Celle-Saint-Cloud. He also was founder of the Foundation and Museum Pescatore in Luxembourg. Three years after the revolution he obviously was involved in the financing of the return of Napoleon III. In 1849 he showed several orchids in Paris, in the same year he showed also plants at the Spring Exhibition in Paris. In 1852 he won the first prize for plant amateur collectors and 1853 he became President of the Société d’Horticulture de Seine- et-Oise.

44

Drawing of Pescatorea klabochorum from the second edition of

Paxton’s Flower Garden, 1882

Pescatore was a regular and excellent customer of Linden in Ghent and Jean Jules Linden had at times a very close relationship with Pescatore, the very famous iconography Pescatorea, Iconographie des Orchidées (and not Pescatoria!) published by Jean-Jules Linden between 1854 and 1860 is named after Pescatore. (An English version of this book — Pescatorea — Iconography of Orchids (1854-1860) was published in November 1994 by Naturalia Publications, limited to 1500 numbered copies.)

Pescatorea klabochorum is dedicated to the brothers Eduard and Franz Klaboch and their names are always mentioned in close connections to the famous orchid-hunter Benedict Roezl. Eduard and Fraz (Frantisek) were the sons of Anna Klabochova, sister of Benedict Roezl. Eduard Klaboch, the elder of the two sons was born on 14th December 1852, Franz the younger was born on 19th April 1861. Father Klaboch died in 1862 and left a widow with four children in a very difficult financial situation. The family moved to the home of Anna’s parents and it was Vincenc Roezl, father of Anna and Benedict who taught the

two boys the gardening trade. Three of Anna’s five sisters lived already in Mexico, invited by their brother Benedict. In 1869 Eduard started his practice in the gardens of Count Bentrak in Fridava and within a year he has moved to Clam-Gardens in Vienna. His uncle Benedict Roezl has been doubtlessly well informed about his career, in 1871 he wrote to Eduards mother: “if Eduard wants to travel, let him go to Santecomapan, Mexico, and remain there as long as he learns Spanish. I will then pick him up.” So Eduard left Vienna in July 1871, boarded a ship in Hamburg and reached Veracruz in October of the same year. In spring 1873 he should have met his uncle Benedict in Mexico. In April 1872 Benedict Roezl was back in Europe after almost 17 years of adventurous life on the American continent.

In spite of the fact that he was occupied with negotiations with nurseries and orchid enthusiasts all over Europe, he found the time to visit his parents and the family of his sister. So he met Franz, the younger of the two brothers for the first time and - because also Franz was educated in gardening by his grandfather

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

~ Gantentlora 10

World Wide SPECIES ORCHIDS Mail Order

Flasks, Seedlings, Flowering size. Burleigh Park Orchid Nursery

54 Hammond Way, Thuringowa, 4815. Ph 0747 740 008

Lists by mail or email: ian @speciesorchids.com www.speciesorchids.com Propagators of the Rare, Beautiful and Unusual Orchid Species of the World. Accredited CITES & Phyto Export

AOR 013

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Mt Beenak Orchids

No. 1 for Masdevallias

Check out our complete range of cool growing orchids

on our website: www.mtbeenakorchids.com.au

Cool growing orchids and Mail Order our speciality 27 Hacketts Creek Rd, Three Bridges, Vic. 3797 Ph/Fax (03) 5966 7253 Email: clivehalls@bigpond.com

Left: Pescatorea klabochorum from Gartenflora,1890

Vincenc — it didn’t take much effort to convince the boy to follow him. Franz left his home together with his uncle in early 1872 to England and from there to the United States. Until the end of the year 1872 both travellers collected plants and seeds, and then they left the United States for Mexico and later to Panama. Benedict was well aware of the talents as collector of young Franz. In March 1873 they met Eduard in Mexico and continued their travel together. Later Franz stayed in Mexico City to be responsible for sorting and the care of commercial plants, Benedict and Eduard went to Bolivia and Peru. The yield of this short expedition was tremendous and Benedict decided to bring the plants back to London by himself and left America in April 1874. Franz was already in Mexico and Eduard joined him there.

In the second half of 1874 Eduard and Franz went together to Panama, Colombia and Ecuador to collect plants. They reported the results of their expeditions in regular intervals to Benedict Roezl who retired in 1875 and settled in Prague. Most of the letters from this time to Roezl were written in German by Eduard Klaboch who was empowered by Roezl to take care of his property in Mexico. During one of the trips Franz had fallen from a rock and as he hurt his leg badly, Eduard organised his transport back to Mexico, but attempts to heal the leg were not successful and this may have been the reason for Franz to return in autumn of 1878 to Europe, together with a large collection of orchids, including one thousand plants of Masdevallia chimaera (now Dracula chimaera). Not a single plant reached Europe alive! Franz had tried before to introduce the species alive in England, always without success. After 4 months recovery Franz decided before the end of the year 1878 to return to Central America, his last letter was reportedly sent on 34 January 1879. Three weeks later the horticultural press announced that Franz (Frantisek) Klaboch had died on 24th January 1879 in Inquilla, Oaxaca, Mexico. The cause of his death was given by experts as a fit of yellow fever. Together with a short article in Gardeners’ Chronicle in March 1879 a portrait of Franz Klaboch was published.

45

Pescatorea klabochorum from Reichenbachia, 1894

46 The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Benedict tried to hand over his business and contacts to Eduard Klaboch and he also enlisted him as contributor to his magazine Flora which was published in 4 volumes between 1883 and 1886 and which was the first botanical journal in Czechoslovakia. Eduard Klaboch made his first business trip to Europe in 1879 and based on contracts with nurseries in England he collected plants in South and Central America until 1884.

His uncle Benedict Roezl passed away on 14th October 1885 in Prague. Eduard got the message after his return to Mexico and he decided to return to Europe and to stay there. But already in 1888 he got enough contracts and financial help to start another collection trip for orchids, he went to Panama, Peru and Costa Rica, and naturally also visited his relatives in Mexico. Benedict Roezl decided in his Last Will to spend a large part of his money to the support of the journal Flora and so Eduard could not hope to get enough financial back-up to stop travelling and settle down in Europe. By the end of 1891 he had collected enough money from the sale of several very valuable orchid collections and decided to settle in Prague, stop travelling and to build up a gardening business. Earlier the same year on 4th July he married Bozena Kolinkova, the daughter of a wheel-maker from Donin. His first son, named after his father Eduard, was born on 16‘ April 1892. By the age of 19 he had four children and the descendents of his second son Ladislav are still living in Prague. Eduard Klaboch died in Smichov on 22"4 August 1915 at the age of 62.

Pescatoria, Pl. J.

Above: Pescatorea klabochorum from Cogniaux, Dictionnaire Iconographique des Orchidées, 1900

“Nicky’s Slippers”

One of the world’s leading Paph. breeders. Exciting new Paphs. and Phrags. now available.

Contact us for a copy of our colour catalogue — send 3 x 50c stamps

NICKY ZURCHER

Box 326, Virginia, South Australia 5120 Phone/Fax (08) 8380 9360 Website www.nickysslippers.com.au

Cattleyas — Laelias etc Large Plants & Seedlings + Flasks Plant + Flasking List on request

Phone: 02 6628 6356

Fax: 02 6628 6356. , Email: jk.heindke@bigpond.com 3 Mobile: 0417 021 789

9 43 Davey Rd, URALBA NSW 2477

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010 47

Pescatorea klabochorum from Orchid Album, 1882

48

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

| | |

Literature/References e Anonymous (1879) Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung

35:192 & 238 — 240

e Anonymous (1879) Gardeners’ Chronicle new series,

11:304 & 369

e Anonymous (1882) The Garden 23:24 ¢ Anonymous (1882) Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung 0

38:75

e Anonymous (1883) Gartenflora 32:286 e Anonymous (1884) Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung

40:108

e Anonymous (1885) Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung 0

41:521 - 522

e Anonymous (1885) Gardeners Chronicle new series, 13:412 e Anonymous (1884) Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung °

46:357

¢ Baines, T. (1882) Paxton’s Flower Garden

ed.2,1(11):109 — 110

e Reichenbach, H.G.fil. (1852) Botanische Zeitung (Berlin)

10: 667

¢ Reichenbach, H.G.fil. (1879) Gardeners’ Chronicle

new series, 11:684

doru. To se vSak jiz k nému a Benediktu Roe- zlovi pripojil i bratr Eduard, se kterym se Kone¢né v bfeznu 1873 setkali u pribuznych. Po nékolika tydnech spolecnych cest Benedikt Roezl rozhod! ponechat

v Mexiko City, kde jej povélil tridénim a za- jisténim komertnich rostlin, a sim s Eduar- dem se vypravil na nové sbéry do Bolivie

a Peru. Tato pomérné kratkd, ale nérotnd ces- ta pies vrcholky And byla pro Benedikta Roe- za natolik vynosni, Ze se rozhodl svou ob- rovskou zdsilku rostlin osobné doprovazet do Londyna a v dubnu 1874 tak utinil. Eduard se zatim seSel v Mexiku se svym bratrem a zo- tayoval se ze zachvath zimnice, kterou se

~ NADEJE BENEDIKTA ROEZLA

ranil nohu. Pfesto2e ho Eduard pomohl do- pravit zpét do Mexika, nepodarilo se mu nohu dolécit, Rozhodl se tedy na podzim roku 1878 zajet do Evropy a odpotinout si u roditt. Svij pobyt v Cechach ukonéil Frantisek Kla- boch pfed koncem roku. PH zpateéni cesté napsal je&té dopis bratrovi z Londyna, po. navratu na americky kontinent napsal i dal3im —+ pifbuznym ~ citil se zdrav a plénoval dal8f cesty. Posledné dopis odeslal udajné 3. ledna 1879. Tri t¥dny poté ozndmil svétovy zahradnicky tisk, Ze Frantisek Klaboch dne 24, ledna 1879 y mexické Inquille néhle zemiel, Jako ptitinu woti posléze odbornici uréili zachvat Zluté zimnice. Nekrology a komentiie zApa- doevropskych Casopisi zdirazfovaly zurdtu, kterou tim jejich spolecenstvi utrptlo, a nesetiily slovy soustrasti nad mladym a talentovanym muZem. Fran- tiskovi Klabochovi bylo pouhych tiia- dvacet let.

V osmdesatych letech minulého sto: let mohl predstavu Benedikta Roezla 0 tispéSném sbérateli a zdatném obchod nikovi napInit jiZ jen Eduard Klaboch, nebot Bohumil Houda, ktery zpociitku svym bratranciim Klabochiim zdarné sekun: doval, se pravé v tomto obdobi rozhodoval zrodinného podniku odejit. Na Eduarda se tedy Benedikt Roezl snaZil pienést nejen sve Zivotni zkuSenosti, ale i obchodni kontakty. Ziskal je) i jako plispévovatele do Flory. Bo- haté obchodni kontakty také pfividély Edu-

nakazil v Bolivii.

Benedikt Roezl se vratil na americky kontinent ji2 koncem éervence 1874, do- provazen tentokrite svym dalSim synoy- cem Bohumilem Houdou, synem Evy Houdové. Jejich spoletnd cesta zapofala v New Yorku a vedla napifé Spojenymi stity. K biehiim Mexika se dostali a2 potdtkem prosince 1874 a je pravdé- podobné, 7e privé tchdy si s bratry Kla- bochovymi uréili fle svych ndsledu- jicich yyprav. Zatimeo Benedikt Roezl a mlady Houda se rozhodli zdolat sopku Colimu, vypravili se Eduard a Frantisek na cesty do Panamy, Columbie a Equa- doru. Vysledky téchto cest pravidelné oznamovali Benediktu Roezlovi, zpo- tdtku do jeho tibora pod Colimou, po- |», sléze do Mexika a nakonec do Prahy, kde se Benedikt Rocz v roce 1875 rozhodl usadit, Vzijemnd korespondence z t hoto obdobf je pak nesmirné vzacna a dosti obchodni. Je vedena v néméing, tesky psané dopisy jsou vzécnou vy- + jimkou. VétSinu dopisi stryci Benediktovi psdval Eduard Klaboch, kter¢ho Benedikt Roezl spoleéné s Bohumilem Houdou povéril sprivou svého majetku v Mexiku. Jaky podil mél ve spoleéném podniku mlady Frantisek, nevime, Zdé se, Ze na jeho intuici a talent pii vyhleddvanf novych rostlin spoléhal stryc natolik, Ze jej nechtél pevné vazat na jediné mifsto, Finanén{ vyrovnani za zaslané rostliny mu vSak pochopitelné poskytoval. Vétsinu vest do roku 1878 vSak nevykonaval Frantisek sém, velmi ¢asto je} doprovazel i bratr Edu- ard. Jeho nejoblibengjsim teritoriem byla oblast Equadoru, kam mnohokrat zavital. Pf jedné z cest vak spadl ze skdly a zle si po-

REGIZ

“Eduard Klaboch, *1852, } 1915

arda Klabocha ¢astéji na stary kontinent. Svou prvni obchodni cestu podnikl ji2 roku 1879, kdy navativil Anglii a wzavtel zde za- Jjimavé kontrakty. Ty jej vedly zpét do Stfedni 4 Latinské Ameriky, kde na izemf Equadoru sbiral a2 do roku 1884,

Kdyz se vratil pet do | 7p Mexika, zastihla jej |< /y tam zprdva o imrtf Be- [ nedikta Roezla, ktery |Z: skonal 14. ifjna 18: Y Praze. Strycovo timr- ti bylo hlavnim dive dem Eduardova navra- tu do vlasti i vdzné mi-

4 ANT. VYSKOCIL

Mékvop 29syvatts sey, —

Zahlayi orig, nabidky k pfestéhovdni Eduarda Klabocha z Panenského

néného rozhodnutf, Ze zde jiZ zistane na tr- valo. Toto ptedsevzetf vSak vydrzelo Eduardu Klabochovi pouhé th roky. V roce 1889 vy- uZil vyzvy a finanénich prostfedkd svych

anglickych partnerd a vydal se hledat opét nové orchideje do Panamy, Peru a Kostariky. Pochopitelné, jako vZdy nevynechal ani Me- xiko, kde mél v té dobé jizZ Cetné pribuzen- stvo. Na ndklady Angli¢and se Eduard Kla- boch vypravil do Ameriky jesté jednou, aikdyZ uz neposilal do Evropy tak cetné zasilky jako jeho stryc, byly jeho cesty po- vazovany za komertné uspésné. Budovant viastni existence bylo pro Eduarda Klabocha velmi dilezité. Pies vaZnost a tispéchy, kte- rych dosud dosdhl, nebyl rozhodné bohaty ana svij dil ze strycova dédictvf nemohl piilis spolchat. Sam Benedikt Roez! toti? jesté za sy¢ho Zivota znacnou Cast pfijmii ze svého. prosperujiciho zavodu vénoval na vydavant Flory, dal8f sméfovaly do podpdirného spolku Roezl. Fakticky zistatek jeho majetku nebyl tedy velky a podle posledni vile B. Roezla byl jeSté délen mezi viechny blizké pifbuzné.

Diky honorovanym cestdm se ySak Edu- ard Klaboch potatkem devadeséitych let do- mohl urcitého majetku a v roce 1891 byl jiz uvadén jako usedly zahradnik na Smichové, byt s uvalym bydlistém v Panenském Tynci, Roku 1891 se také rozhodl skoncovat se svym staromladenectvim a oZenil se. 4. Servence 1891 uzaviel siatek s BoZenou Kolfnkovou, deerou mistra kovatského 7 Donfna. Nevésté bylo toho roku dyacet pét let, Zenich byl o ti- nact let starSf. Kratce po svatbé, 16, 4, 1892, se manZeliim narodil prynf syn, po otci Edu- ard. Holtitka, po mamince Bodena, pHisla na svét 0 rok pozdgji, narodila se 9. 7, 1893, nedodila se vSak ani celého roku. Zemfcla na zapal plic 26, 4. 1894. Po jejf smrti se rozhod! Eduard ji7 neopoustét rodinu a cestovant defi- nitivné skondil, Od roku 1895 se vénoval pouze své Zivnosti a rodin’. Dotkal se na- rozeni i tif dalSich détf, Dal8f syn, Ladislav, se narodil 22. 5. 1896, a jeho bratr Zdenék 21. dubna 1898. Jako poslednf sc ob&ma man- Zelim narodila holtitka, Dévedtko ptislo na syét 4. 12, 1903 a dostalo rodinné jméno Bo- dena,

O svou rodinu se Eduard Klaboch bez mi- mofddnych cest staral a2 do své smrti dy skonal na Smichové. Jeho abochovd jej v Panenském a tém&t o dva roky. Zemiela 17. Pro Regiz (opét vénovala)

dr. Mari ‘

*) Piesnd citace véemé pravopisnych chyb,

ZAVOD PRO OOPKAVIT NABYTKE

V LOUNECH, Ngee. x

é A

nce do Prahy

Above: Portraits of Franz (Frantisek) and Eduard Klaboch (From Ladislav Klaboch, 4th generation descendent of Eduard Klaboch)

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Reichenbach, H.G.fil. (1879) Gardeners’ Chronicle

new series, 12:167

Reichenbach, H.G.fil. (1880) Gardeners‘ Chronicle

new series, 13:118

Reichenbach, H.G.fil. (1881) L’Illustration Horticole

28:153, t.431

Reichenbach, H.G.fil. (1884) Gardeners’ Chronicle

new series, 21:76

Reichenbach, H.G.fil. (1885) Gardeners’ Chronicle

new series, 24:391

Rolfe, R.A. (1894) Reichenbachia 2(10):t.38

Schlechter, R. (1920) Feddes Repertorium Beihefte 7:267 Senghas, K. & G.Gerlach (1993) in R.Schlechter,

Die Orchideen ed.3,1B(27):1662 — 1666

Sommer, G. (1890) Gartenflora 39:321 — 322

Warner, R., B.S.Williams & T.Moore (1882) Orchid Album

1:t.17

AOR 041

Rudolf Jenny

Moosweg 9, 3112 Allmendingen,

Switzerland

Email: rjorchid@gmx.ch

ORCHIDACEOUS SUPPLIES

Suppliers of a wide range of Orchid Accessories

Whether you are a hobbyist or a professional orchid grower - we can supply your needs.

Pots - dome pots - Port Pots - trays - stakes — plant clips - Pot Clips - Labels - pens - fertilisers - hangers -

wide range of wire products.

Growing medias - bark, coconut husk, treefern,

perlite, peat, charcoal, sphagnum moss and more.

Agent for Eco Products

Catalogue available on request

Grahame & Margaret Muller P.O. Box 4192, Tinana, Qld. 4650 Ph: 07 4122 1251 Fax: 07 4122 4539

Props:

Orchid | Species

Specialising in species orchids, flasks and selected hybrids

Email: supplies@orchidaceousbooks.com.au

Mail Order specialists Open by appointment only Bill and Jan Miles

405 Main Street

Kingston, Victoria 3364

03 5345 6387 orchidspeciesplus@bigpond.com www. orchidspeciesplus.com.au

Writing Orchid Names

n order that we may distinguish

between different orchids, a nomenclatural system has been developed to facilitate this. The actual name is written in a number of parts and a precise format must be adhered to if accuracy is the aim. The first part describes the genus, the second the specific species within the genus and there may be a third part for a distinct botanical variety or a cultivar name to identify a special clone. These may even form a third and fourth part in special circumstances as will be shown later. This applies to all orchids and indeed all plants and animals.

The genus or generic name distinguishes between the various orchid genera or major orchid groups, e.g., Paphiopedilum, Cattleya, Masdevallia, etc., It is written in full and in italics and is commenced with a capital letter. As an alternative (where italics is not available) it may be written in normal type but mustbe underlined, e.g., Paphiopedilum, Cattleya, or Masdevallia. In common usage (and for hybrids only) these are often replaced with standard abbreviations and then become Paph., C. or Masd.

The second or specific name describes the actual species and is also written in italics but with a small first letter. So we have Paphiopedilum insigne, Cattleya labiata and Masdevallia caesia. It is also important to have the endings consistent, so that Epidendrum cochleatum or Encyclea cochleata is correct but not Epidendrum cochleata and the reverse. Again, Paphiopedilum insigne, Cattleya labiata

and Masdevallia caesia is acceptable although italics are preferred.

At times a species may have a number of distinct and noteworthy varieties. These are added after the specific name with the abbreviation var. (for variety) in normal lower case between them and the specific name. Thus we have Cymbidium lowianum var. I’ansonii and Dendrobium speciosum vax. hillii. Finally, to complete this naming process, a special clonal or cultivar name may be given to highlight a markedly superior clone. We then have Cymbidium lowianum var. lowianum ‘Compte de Hemptine’ which will generally be reduced to Cymbidium lowianum ‘Compte de Hemptine’. The special clonal name is written in normal Roman print with upper and lower case as shown and is enclosed in single quotes, not double.

With hybrids, the generic or combined generic name is written first as with species and this is followed by the RHS (Royal Horticultural Society) registered grex name and then in single quotes by the particular clonal name. Thus we have, Cymbidium Sarah Jean ‘Helen’ or Sophrolaeliocattleya Dream Cloud ‘Delight’. These are generally reduced to Cym. Sarah Jean ‘Helen’ or Sic. Dream Cloud ‘Delight’ in common usage. Note that Slc. or Sophrolaeliocattleya is written as one word and the upper case is only used with the first letter. Sophrolaeliocattleya may be crossed with Brassavola which would give the possible name of Sophrolaeliobrassocattleya but thankfully this is given a new name Potinara. There are several other

TIMANEE AsCTTIRGE ANEE ADSI

y Wy wa

I 4 orchids@tinoneeorchids.com www.tinoneeorchids.com

50

Pe ee

LD rt

DAVID

KEANELLY ORCHIDS

AOR177

CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS

Quality Cymbidium Mericlones for the showbench or enthusiast Telephone or Write for Catalogue

Mail Order Specialists Australia-wide

22 Emmett Street Golden Square Victoria 3555 Phone (03) 5442 4806 Mobile 0411 352 036 Email dkorchids@aanet.com.au

examples where multiple generic

combinations are reduced to a single

name, e.g., Wilsonara, Colmunara etc. You will note that these end with —ara.

Science and botany attempts to be

exact and ordered in its application and

this is the correct way to write orchid

names. It is a pleasure to see words and

conventions applied correctly. |

Frances and Julian Coker

Atlantis Orchids

Warrandyte South, Victoria

Email: atlorch@netlink.com.au

Sick of writing plant tags?

- THEN WE CAN HELP YOU - Small Runs of printed tags

- Great prices - Quick Turn-a-round

cet) aussie plant tags Ny

Contact David or Pauline Brewster at Email: apt@tags.net.au Web: www.tags.net.au

9 The Grove, Tel: {63} 9761 1100

AOR 020

Boronia, Vic. 3155 ~~ Fax: (03) 9761 0892

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

_ Glasshouse housing — ~ Paphiopedilums

Orchid Growing in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales

e moved down to our forty hectare W oes in the Southern Highlands after the sale of our retail site (Wondabah Orchids) in Carlingford. The first problem was no water supply, so four x 10,000 litre tanks were built under the middle bench to catch the rain falling on the glasshouse roof and we had to have gutters especially made for the glasshouse to catch the rain. Heating wassuppliedbyaconventional diesel boiler with under bench hot water pipes that could easily maintain 15°C even though the outside temperatures could go down to as low as -10°C. We

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

by Robert Giles

were told by one leading grower that we could not grow Paphiopedilums (slipper orchids) as they were subtropical plants. But it is a lot colder in Holland and the Dutch are huge growers, remember you can grow Phalaenopsis in Hobart but cannot grow Odontoglossums in Darwin.

The light was something we had to come to grips with. Particularly the percentage of shade cloth required as it was more intense due to the altitude. The most difficult problem we had to conquer was the lack of humidity, probably similar humidity as Adelaide as we were at an altitude of over 700

metres. This was overcome by increasing watering to about three times more frequently during summer than we did in Sydney. The water in the under bench, tanks did little to improve humidity and as we could water in February (end of summer) and the foliage would be dry in 30 minutes.

We discovered after the first year that we did not need the diesel boiler, as the water tanks under the middle bench (that were from end to end of the glass house) became a huge heat trap, and with a 2kw fan heater to circulate the air on frosty nights only (and the addition

51

of a Marix liner in the winter) we could maintain positive temperatures which Was more than sufficient to grow complex hybrid Paphiopedilums and Odontoglossums. The summer was not a problem as the water in the under bench tank absorbed some heat and the day temperatures are similar to Sydney City temperatures and due to the lack of humidity water evaporation also cooled the house. The worry of how long the tank water would last in a drought was not the problem that we first thought, as we were using a sprinkler system that used half the amount of hand watering and the water under the bench we discovered was more than a_ year’s supply even if it did not rain.

We grew mainly complex hybrid Paphiopedilums very successfully there for twelve years and then we decided to move into Bowral as we had completed our time of farming life. The move brought up new problems with nobody to solve them except ourselves. The first problem was to get a sixteen metre glasshouse passed by council as it did not

Seedling Paphiopedilums on centre bench

52

pass covenants on out buildings; this was solved by calling the glass house a garden room conservatory and joining it as an annex directly to the house. We did not want to put in an under bench water tank as we had put in a 45,000 litre underground fed from the house roof and we also had town water supply, this meant that we had to heat as the

winter frosts were just as severe. We

decided after some investigation that the town gas supply was the easiest and we useda Rinnae 16 instantaneous domestic hot water heater upgraded to 65°C, a small Grunfos hot water pump and 60 metres of high pressure plastic water pipe that was hot in under three minutes for heat distribution under bench and this has proved to be highly successful and we now maintain a minimum of 8°C which is enough for Miltoniopsis, Native Dendrobiums, Odontoglossums, Primary Hybrid (and mottled-leafed Paphiopedilums), etc to grow very successfully.

We now mainly grow complex hybrid Paphiopedilums (about 7000 in all) and

have changed the potting mix to coconut chips mixed (double soaked to remove salt, even if it states salt free) with 10% P500 perlite plus % to 1 percent dry fertiliser in our case 50% Perrymans Blood & Bone and 50% Hoof & Horn meal (Feathers & Fins is a good substitute for hoof & horn) and 1% _ Selgrit (Limestone).

It must be allowed that winter comes about four weeks earlier and finishes four weeks later in the Highlands (a —6°C frost on 28'h October one year) this means that the flowers appear earlier but if you don’t heat sufficiently they flower later. The glass house has full length roof ventilation but we discovered that we also needed wall ventilation to get cooling Air flow in summer.

We have had very few pests except for slugs & mice that come from the very large paddock at our back fence, Multicrop snail pellets for the slugs and Talon for the mice have both proved very successful. Occasional fungus spots are controlled by Triforine or Yates Rose spray and both leave no residue on the leaves.

eur

The Australian Orchid Review, June —July 2010

Removing Paphiopedilums from flasks can be very successful by following these procedures. We use a 125mm Port Pot filled to within a centimetre of the top with standard coarser adult plant potting mix including dry fertiliser and then top with either very fine bark with 10%-20% screened Sphagnum moss to enable rapid water gain or Coco Peat depending on your standard mix. Coco peat will have a higher damp off rate than bark but can grow faster. Remove _ pgphiopedilum Jan Giles plants from the flask into a dish of cool tap water then tease apart and place of very wet newspaper that you can cover. If some plants won't separate leave them and plant 2-3 together. When finished potting for the day or completion of deflasking spray plants and surface of the mix with Zineb or Mancozeb. A follow-up spray one week later and another two weeks later and then as required. Fertilise with liquid fertiliser as your adult plants. After one year they generally are ready to go into 65mm pots and the smaller plants are either returned to a community pot or put 2-3 together to a 65mm pot. Next year the 65mm is potted up to a 100mm pot some even might flower in this size pot. Then the next season they are put into the largest Paphiopedilum (Bournhill x Braidwood)

pot we use a 125mm lace bottom pot and this is the pot they have to flower in

or be discarded. We found several years ST IVES SHOWGROUND

ago when we potted the largest seedlings from the 100mm and put them in 140mm pots and the smaller plants into

Mona Vale Road, St Ives

Friday 13" August 2010 9amto 4pm

Saturday 14° August 2010 9am to 4pm

125mm that all the smaller plants over Sunday 15'"* August 2010 9amto 3pm

took the plants in the larger pots. I have joined the small Southern Highland Orchid Society that meet in the Uniting Church Hall on the corner of

Bus Route196: Gordon Station - St Ives Village - Terrey Hills - Mona Vale

ADMISSION $4 Children under 15 free

Bus groups welcome - concession, Unlimited Free Parking,

Wheel chair access, Orchid displays, Floral Art, Painting, Photography,

Albert & Alice Streets in Mittagong on the 3™ Wednesday of the month and

Needlework, Free advice from the experts SPONSORS

visitors are always welcome. I will also be selling slipper orchids under the

Royale Orchids, The Orchid Tray Company, Orchid Oasis, Dr. Chong Seong Tay ORCHID VENDORS

banner of “Robert Giles Orchids” at the

Cymbidium Club of Australia’s 2010

National Orchid Extravaganza being

held at the Dural Recreation Centre, NSW from 6th — gth August 2010. | Robert Giles

Australian Orchid Nursery, Brighton Orchid Nursery, Dark Star Orchids, Dendi Orchids, Easy Orchids, Ecuagenera Orchid Nursery, Fong Ping Orchids, Hills District Orchids, Helleborus Down Under, Macquarie Native Orchids, Mini World Orchids, The Orchid Mart, Miriam Ann Orchids, Mt Beenak Orchids, Nicky’s Slippers, Orchid Oasis, Orchidaceous Books, Orchid Care Services, Orchidland Nursery, Royale Orchids, Orchid Species Plus, The Orchid Tray Company, Tinonee Orchid Nursery, Woolf Orchidculture.

Email: rj.giles@bigpond.com For more Information: Show Marshal: Garrie Bromley Ph: 02 9452 3202

Paphiopedilum Jan Giles (group of seedlings)

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010 53

Bulbophyllum maquilingense Ames and OQuisumbing

ne of my great loves in the

botanical world are the miniature- growing orchid species. In the genus Bulbophyllum there are many taxa that fit into this category. I particularly like those species that have short rhizomes, and because of this, a beautiful specimen-sized plant can be grown in a 100mm pot or on a small piece of tree- fern.

Members of Bulbophyllum Section Leptopus include some of the most delightful species that can be found in nature. The plants are generally small in stature and a few have very brightly-coloured blooms that are eye-catching. Bulbophyllum maquilingense is one of the more unusual members in the section, and its hooded flowers are often a talking point at orchid society meetings.

I obtained my first plants of this species in the late 1980s whilst on one of my annual trips to the Philippines. I was walking around a nursery that specialises in Philippine native orchids, on _ the lookout for something different. As soon as I saw the small, neatly growing plants, I knew that I had to bring some back home to Sydney. A dozen plants were soon added to my plants for export. At the time I did not know what the species was, as the plants were not flowering (and that was back in the days when a plant could be imported as a Bulbophyllum sp.)

Happily for me, most of these plants survived the fumigation and quarantining procedures that have to be followed for imported plants. Several months later I noticed a few hair-like inflorescences arising from the

54

by Jim Cootes

pseudobulbs, and the opening of the blooms was waited for with hushed expectancy.

Luckily for me, when the blooms opened, I was readily able to identify this species, because it was already illustrated and described in The Complete

Above: Bulbophyllum maquilingense from east coast of Luzon (JC)

Writings of Dr. Eduardo A. Quisumbing on Philippine Orchids, (Vol. 1, pages 177- 178) edited by Dr. Helen Valmayor.

In my 2001 book The Orchids of the Philippines (Times Editions, Singapore) I stated that Bulbophyllum maquilingense

was only known from the provinces of Laguna and Quezon. Since the publication of my book almost a decade ago, more knowledge has been shared and made available regarding the distribution of this (and several other) orchid species. I have received pictures from people throughout the Philippines of this species and I can confirm that Bulbophyllum maquilingense is now known to also occur in the Calayan Islands, to the north of the main island of Luzon; the island of Sibuyan in the central Philippines; and from the northern provinces of Mindanao, which is the second largest island in the Philippines. It is interesting to note that flowers from different islands vary somewhat in their colouration and the size of the plant.

Bulbophyllum maquilingense was named by Professor Oakes Ames and _ Dr. Eduardo Quisumbing in the Philippine Journal of Science in 1932. The specific epithet refers to Mount Makiling in Laguna province where the type specimens were collected. The plants are only small growing, reaching heights of only 60mm. The squarish pseudobulbs bear a single leathery leaf. Inflorescences are very thin, are usually longer than the leaves and bear a single bloom about 10 to 14mm long.

These plants are from elevations of about 1000 metres and usually grow on the moss-covered trunks and branches of shrubs and trees. In this environment the plants never dry out, but they are not constantly wet either. The air movement is constant and humidity high —all points worth remembering for

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Above: Bulbophyllum maquilingense Above: Bulbophyllum maquilingense from Laguna (JC) from Calayan Island (MH)

Right: Bulbophyllum maquilingense from northern Mindanao (JC)

Below: Bulbophyllum maquilingense from Sibuyan Island (MS)

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Gordonvale 20km South of Cairns On The Bruce Highway

Vandas, Dens, Cats, Phallies, & more.

No Catalogue Available

email:orchidsnth@bigpond.com Phone (07) 4056 2357 Mob 0405 453 171

AOR 051

Specialist breeders of Australian Native Orchid Species and Hybrids

PRE-STOCKTAKE SALE

May - June 2010 50% discount selected stock Listing Available Ross & Rhonda Harvey 16 Heather-Anne Drive, DRAPER QLD 4520 Telephone: (07) 3289 1953

email: cedarvaleorchids@cedarvaleorchids.com

AOR 171 www.cedarvaleorchids.com

56

ORCHID S NORTH

the successful cultivation of these

delightful miniature plants. Photographic Credits

My sincere thanks to Michael Harrison for the pictures of the plant from Calayan Island and to Melanie Schori for the example from Sibuyan Island. Other photographs were taken by the author.

Jim Cootes Riverwood, NSW Email: jecootes@ozemail.com.au

Left: Bulbophyllum maquilingense showing plant habit (MH)

Dark Siar Orenicls

Bulbophyllums, Dendrochilums, Lycastes, Stanhopeas, Paphs, Africans and lots more

RARE AND UNUSUAL SPECIES AND SOME SELECTED HYBRIDS

Please check our newly updated website for our latest releases

Hans Schaible

www.darkstarorchids.com.au

PO Box 114 Bowraville NSW 2449 Telephone/Fax (02) 6564 4088 darkstarorchids@bordernet.com.au

AOR 126

Seedlings and flowering size plants

i Assorted species, paphs, aussie natives, cymbidiums

ORCHIDACEOUS Books |

Suppliers of Fine Orchid Literature

Large selection of new and pre-owned orchid books

Browse and shop at our secure website www. orchidaceousbooks.com.au

_ We attend orchid fairs in Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne Grahame & Margaret Muller P.O. Box 4192, Tinana, Qld. 4650 = Ph: 07 4122 1251 Fax: 07 4122 4539 2 Email: books@orchidaceousbooks.com.au

Mail Order service available

Nursery open by appointment

Stephen Stebbing

32 Newbold Avenue, Craigieburn VIC 3064 Mob: 0412 352 604 Ph: 03 9308 2025 Fax: 03 9308 2029 email: stephenstebbing@aapt.net.au

AOR 044

The Australian Orchid Review, June - July 2010

a We 4 [Mail Orcler FC bookshop

7 SOOO OOOH OOOOH OIE OOOO ERO OHIO OOOO §

Review

FLORA’S ORCHIDS

Senior Consultant David P. Banks

Part of the best-selling Flora range, this is the definitive ff

vide to orchids with over 1,500 entries. Ranging from Ff the unique to the unusual, the beautiful to the bizarre, orchids have long symbolised beauty, elegance and f refinement. Flora’s Orchids presents more than 1,500 varieties of this highly Sencha plant family, with entries F accompanied by at least 1,300 stunning colour photographs. The orchids are arranged by genus in an A A-Z format. Each entry first lists the scientific name in Tie pelthive Gaide is orcuen Latin, often accompanied by a Latin synonym and, Over 1,500 Entries where appropriate, the translated common name. Plant [iia spread and height are listed, followed by symbols \aem indicating plant type, natural growing locations, growing jim conditions, frost tolerance, preferred temperatures, type of flower, and preference for pot or mount cultivation. The brief descriptions explain the type of genus, geographic area, and flowering and dormancy seasons. There is a wealth of sound cultural and propagation advice. AOR Editor David P. Banks ies ie Peniol ops ie Flora's Orchids and is pie coated RRR EE Le sear arramareneasrvnry een iets 8 as the Principal Writer. Especially valuable for aspiring botanists and average gardeners is the am o roa background information tha pipedes the dictionary let and erate orchid ed ” ORCHIDS IN taxonomy, hybridisation, history, cultivation, propagation, and more. The history section delves into the fara historical darelopinent of the plant for culinary and medicinal usage and YOUR GARDEN . also explores the use of orchids in folklore and literature. A detailed cultivation table for each | How to grow orchids in of the species is found in the appendix. This work is regarded by many as the logical the backyard

by Robert Friend It sounds too good to be true, but orchids are

replacement of What Orchid Is That? as easy to grow in the backyard as a lawn or a

sea poses cour (URDISCOUNTPRIE Sn5 4.28. bed of roses. Despite their exotic reputation,

Hardcover. was $7500 RRP (Incl. GST) PLUS POSTAGE AND HANDLING 4 the everyday gardener can grow orchids

without special pots or greenhouses.

1 The book shows you haw to introduce orchids

How to grow orchids ag MI into the garden, by attaching them to trees, by Joyce Stewart lobar Hermans, ef Be fixing them on rocks and walls, or planting P Bl them in garden beds. With more than 150,000

Nester ce ol raica Pa their spoling species and hybrids of orchids in the world, there are plants suitable for every garden. " iferous nature a ; Han eet 5 : f much prized and this account, the first to include te Robert Friend draws on a lifetime’s experience with orchids to explain how to

angraecoid orchids of both Africa and Madagascar, is long choose the right orchid for your climate and how to landscape orchids in different awaited. It brings together, in a single volume, descriptions types of gardens. Ranging from tropical to cool climate areas, from large acreages of all 690 species in this intriguing group of orchids and to small courtyard gardens, almost every backyard can enjoy the best of one of will be the essential reference for all angraecoid orchid nature’s wonders. ;

enthusiasts for years to come. Stewart, Herman and 95 Campbell have all spent time in various parts of eastern 144 pages. OUR DISCOUNT PRICE A

and southern Africa and precise ecological information Colour and B&W. w Oia) relating to habitat, altitude preferences and flowering season of individual plants will be was $2250 RRP (Incl, GST) PLUS POSTAGE AND HANDLING particularly helpful to growers. The diagnostic features of each genus are illustrated and

over half the species are accompanied by exquisite photographs taken in both wild

habitats and in cultivation. The authors know the angraecoid orchids well, both in THE CLASSIC CATTLEYAS

cultivation and the wild, and this knowledge has led to an authoritative account of these by A.A. Chadwick and

- & The publishers of th Australian Orchid Review

are pleased to offer readers popular orchid books at special discount prices.

Just select the book(s) you require and fill in the details on the form provided.

New titles will he added to the list when they become available.

LOO OOOO OOOOOOO OOOO OOS

7 ANGRAECOID ORCHIDS:

Species from the African Region

R

interesting plants. A °

rthur E. Chadwick gs2ncgss, colour OUR DISCOUNT PRICE 95 9.95., In 1818, William Cattley succeeded in Hardcover ve OSOOR cuca” ove eer egos

are the classic cattleyas, whose form defined MORE FLOWERING the essence of tropical orchids for generations ORCHIDS to come. Indeed, the colour of their flowers TEROUCHOULTHE YEAR became known as “orchid.” In this helpful and informative book, each classic Cattleya species (and cattleya-like Laelia species) is described in fascinating detail, and its role in breeding programs is elucidated. All that is : required to appreciate and grow the large- } ov P re is flowered cattleyas successfully is included. ow ’ There are ten line drawings and 162 Ff wonderful colour photographs. Cultivation, humidity and watering, fertilising, : propagation, and diagnosing and treating problems are detailed, making this MACDONALD volume valuable for both veteran orchid enthusiasts and those who simply love these beautiful flowers.

aap comm. OURDISCOUNTPRICESn25,30,, 22ec%es,colou —QURDISCOUNTPRIES 49,95

© (inc.st) Softcover. PLUS POSTAGE AND HANDLING Hardcover. was $89050 RRP (Incl. GST) "ls Posuce mo ianuns

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010 57

MORE FLOWERING ORCHIDS

THROUGHOUT THE YEAR by Ross Macdonald

This is the sister volume to Cool Flowering Orchids throughout the Year. It is in the same format and

to all orchid fa to see an a could grow.

A GUIDE TO NATIVE ORCHIDS OF SOUTH

WESTERN AUSTRALIA by Bob Liddelow

This book beautifully illustrates the orchids of this part of Australia. Bob Liddelow has spent a considerable amount of time in the field, each season, seeking out many different orchids.

This is an Orchid Guide with a difference. Instead of covering all species with total distribution areas, this book treats a very representative collection of orchids in great detail. The specific sites for each orchid are illustrated with ‘mud maps’.

, Guide to Native Orchids of

F b South Western Australia he a

Bob Liddelew

The book also cross-references some 142 orchids with about 100 sites in the greater south-west of Western Australia. Every orchid is illustrated in full colour.

There is also comprehensive indexes, a glossary, author’s notes and more. 7 ry,

Over 210 pages, colour throughout. 210mm x 148mm. Softcover.

oy S998. SARCOCHILUS ORCHIDS

OF AUSTRALIA by Walter T. Upton

Sarcochilus Orchids of Australia is the first book to cover all aspects of species of the genus Sarcochilus. Compact plants of great floral beauty with ease of culture, they are mostly cool to cold growing, requis

Plant and flower, plus a colour plate providing an easy means of identification.

g Intergenerics, is dealt with in detail — most registered hybrids panied by a colour plate. Other chapters include pollination, seed g and cultural information for the home grower.

This is Walter T. Upton’s third book and is a companion to his very popular

and informative Dendrobium ~ 0lR Nl ou itt : 133 2.

Orchids of Australia.

119 pages, colour and B&W. LYCASTE ORCHIDS - Cultivation and Hybridisation

by A.F.W. Alcorn

Lycaste orchids are easy to grow, and they produce flowers that range from the beautiful to the bizarre. No book previously has provided detailed cultural requirements of the Lycaste, and this book should fill that gap, and encourage new growers to take up the cultivation of this beautiful genus. A section on hybridising contains valuable information on inheritance and genetics that will benefit any hybridiser, not just the grower of Lycastes, as well as helpful hints on how to avoid pitfalls in your hybridising program. Michael Hallett, a friend of Fred Alcorn for a number of years, co-wrote this book with Fred and has completed it posthumously. He has a background in genetics, research and botany,

Lycaste Orchids

m Ve Z i wT a ig ¢ vm, jp oe, Be

Cultivation and Hybridisation

A. F; W. Alcorn

and a paig for plants,

crosses ——_-_OIRDSCOUNTPRIE $415... Colour and B&W. was $2855 RRP (Incl, GST) us rostace ao wanouns 58

¢

GROWING PHALAENOPSIS AT HOME

by James Neal

This book is essential reading and reference for any person who grows, or is intending to grow, Phalaenopsis.

Jim, in a simple and easily understood style, | explains and elaborates on light conditions, watering, temperatures, fertilisers, pests and | diseases.

Explanations of the way Phalaenopsis are named and the implications of growing seedlings, illustrate some of the more difficult ideas for the layman to understand.

The colour photography illustrates beautifully the topics under discussion and the orchid names are supplied, where necessary, as a caption.

The illustrations drawn by Jim’s son Jamie are

aa een oe | es ub} sily understood. OUR DISCOUNT PRICE Sal 9.80. was 919475 RRP (Ind. GST) PLUS POSTAGE AND HANDLING

56 pages. Colour and B&W.

PRACTICAL GUIDE TO

Pea FY | AUSTRALIAN ORCHID Practical Guide to

GROWING ] by Wayne Turville

The 64 page Practical Guide to Australian Orchid Growing was over two years in the making, being written by Wayne Turville who runs a large commercial orchid nursery in Victoria, Australia - specialising in Australian »4 Dendrobium hybrids. This book was written | for everybody from the absolute amateur 4 through to the hardened “orchid nut”. # However, due to its low cost and practical nature,’ this book fills a huge void in orchid literature. Simple, easy to understand § language, lots of pictures, and glorious 4 examples of the some of the finest native ywé4 orchids ever photographed both in nature ~~ and at orchid shows.

The fitle is somewhat misleading, as the text covers major cultivation principles for ALL orchid genera, not just the Australian native Dendrobium species and their hybrids. Topics covered (and illustrated) include Blooms, Starting a Collection, Housing Your Orchids, Day to Day Growing, Pests and Diseases, Physical Damage, Cymbidiums and Sarcochilus, plus Bits and Pieces (information about orchid propagation, orchid societies and deflasking.). This booklet is recommended for all new orchid enthusiasts, and all who want to brush up

sgsar cor NIMC $112.2.

64 pages, colour. 210mm x 146mm. was $1200 RRP (Incl. GST) Pus rostace avo nouns

Softcover,

Subscribe now to the

Australian Orchid Review

Australia’s premier orchid magazine covering all genera

For six, twelve or eighteen issues of Australian Orchid Review, fill in the form opposite and post in now together with your payment.

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Australian

oa RRR cere eR RE MaRS 8°22 SSRI za Recommended Our Plus Grand i '& Postage Retail Price Discount Postage Total Number of Total Review Item & Title Zone (RRP) Price & Handling _Price Copies $

1. Flora’s Orchids A = A$75.00 A$54,.95 + A$12.00 = A$66.95 Incl. GST (Incl. GST) e M al l O r d @ £2. Angraecoid Orchids: [2 | = A$125.00) A$59.95 + A$12.00 ari] Species from the African Region (Incl. GST) (Incl. GST)

books fh O P © 3. Mare Flowering orchids fay Now out BRST Ene A$6.00 | = A$31.30 Throughout the Year of print (incl. GST) 4. Orchids In Your Garden A A$19.95 + A$6.00 | = A$25.95 (Incl. GST) 5. The Classic Cattleyas A A$49.95 + A$10.00} = A$59.95 faked | Postage Zones (ne. GST) . 6. A Guide to Native Orchids A A$29.95 + A$8.00 = A$37.95 A Australia of Western Australia (Incl. GST) | =ise793

(Quoted A$ Dollars) 7. Sarcochilus Orchids SOLD OUT! of Australia All Overseas Orders 8. Lycaste Orchids - A (Please contact us Cultivation and Hybridisation for a Postal Quote) 9. Growing Phalaenopsis at Home A$13.75 icl. GST) 10. Practical Guide to Australian = A$15.00 A$12.50 + A$3.00 = A$15.50 Orchid Growing (Incl. GST) (incl. GST)

TOTALORDER $

Australian Review

For six, twelve or eighteen issues of Australian Orchid Review, fill in the form below and post in now together with your

payment. CUT ALONG DOTTED LINES

Please tick 1) Renewal 4 New © Address Change Send to Australian Orchid Review, Dalton House Pty Limited, GPO Box 5481, Sydney, NSW 2001 Australia Phone: 0433 422 792 Fax: (02) 9221 4242 Email: aor@daltonhouse.com.au

| Australia YEAR (6 issues) 2YEARS (12 issues) 3 YEARS (18 issues) A$49.60 (Includes GST) A$95.75 (Includes GST) A$141.00 (Includes GST) -] NZ Airmail NZ$77.00 [1NZ$152.00 NZ$225.00 US Airmail US$77.00 [J US$148,60 US$219.00 Enclosed is my cheque for. (Payable to Australian Orchid Review)

or charge my CORO OEEELOEEo oes Card expiry date Ooo

*Mr/Mrs/Ms Signature Address

Postcode Telephone (__ )

All overseas cheques (except New Zealand) must be in US dollars, or equivalent for credit cards. Credit card subscriptions may be telephoned to 0433 422 792.

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

h OW To or de r ) CUT ALONG DOTTED LINES

MAIL ORDER: Enclosed is my cheque for $ (Payable to Australian Orchid Review)

GPO Box 5481 Sydney, : ;

NSW/2001, Ausilig of charge my Pier iceedon |" Ged PHONE ORDER: [| TT TT TTT TT TT TEE) — caerpiydote | LLL 0433 422 792

FAX ORDER: Within Australi i tar oe Uh s/\\ i es SeSignciure

From outside Australia 612922] 4242 Address

EMAIL:

aor@daltonhouse.com.au

PHONE, FAX AND EMAIL ORDERS FOR CREDIT CARD USE ONLY Country Melee T iatem ~~” Posicodé Telephone (_ )

AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW GPO BOX 5481

SYDNEY

NSW 2001 AUSTRALIA

This orchid was Grand Champion at last year’s Australian Orchid Conference held in Victoria.

It was benched and subsequently awarded as Phalaenopsis amabilis ‘Ben Yu’ AM/AOC for owner Graham McKay. However the true identity of this Taiwanese form of moth orchid was resolved in 2001 when Eric Christenson named this taxon as Phalaenopsis aphrodite subsp. formosana, in his monograph on Phalaenopsis. So how have so many nurserymen, growers and orchid judges missed this name? In the next issue of the AOR, these white-flowered Phalaenopsis species will be discussed.

Photo: Agi & Clive Halls

Cryptostylis hunteriana in the Blue Mountains, NSW

Text by David P. Banks, photos by Tony Rodgers

he “Leafless Tongue Orchid”

Cryptostylis hunteriana is one of only five species within this genus of wasp- pollinated terrestrial orchids. All taxa are found on the East Coast of the Australian mainland, with the exception of Cryptostylis ovata which is endemic to the south-western corner of Western Australia. Cryptostylis leptochila also crosses Bass Strait to occur on Flinders Island, whilst Cryptostylis subulata is scarce in Tasmania and the south-east of South Australia. Apparently all species are pollinated by the male Ichneumon Wasp (Lissopimpla semipunctata), yet no natural hybrids have been recorded.

I was recently emailed some images by keen bushwalker and native plant enthusiast Tony Rodgers, after a brief conversation at an ANOS Sydney Group meeting, of a plant he believed was the uncommon and rarely seen “Leafless Tongue Orchid”.

I have only seen this species in the wild on very few occasions, with all of these sites close to the coast and at low altitude. It has a distribution range from the Hervey Bay region of southern Queensland, south to eastern Victoria. In New South Wales I have seen healthy populations of this saprophytic species at Nelson Bay, and at nearby Alum Mountain, Bulahdelah (growing next to a population of the Eastern Underground Orchid Rhizanthella slateri). It has also been found near the Northern Beaches, north of Sydney. It seems to prefer a very sandy soil. I know my friend (and ANOS/AOC_ Conservation Director) Alan Stephenson has found small and very localised populations in the Nowra region from almost sea level to a site at 600 metres altitude. There are also herbarium records from the Gibraltar Range (~1000m).

Indeed, the photographs (included here) confirmed the recording of Cryptostylis hunteriana at Mount Banks, in the upper Blue Mountains at about 800 metres altitude. It is the first time to my knowledge that this species has been recorded from the Blue Mountains. Indeed it is not even mentioned in

62 The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Alan Fairley’s excellent comprehensive book Native Plants of the Sydney District. The late Tony Bishop in his essential Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria refers to it as being a rare species “extending onto the Northern Tablelands but otherwise coastal”. I have yet to have it confirmed if there are any herbarium specimens in either Sydney or Canberra.

This recording of Cryptostylis hunteriana was made on the 30th December 2009, in mid-summer. Few plant enthusiasts

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

go looking for terrestrial orchids in midsummer due largely to the limited number of species they are likely to encounter, plus safety issues such as oppressive heat and the risk of encounters with venomous snakes — which are abundant in these parts! Mount Banks is an excellent site for terrestrial orchids (and wildflowers in general) with peak blooming times from winter to late spring. Other terrestrials seen at other times include the leek orchids elatum,

Prasophyllum

Prasophyllum brevilabre, the rare Prasophyllum pallens and the saprophytic Prasophyllum flavum, Microtis oblonga, Diuris sulphurea, Orthoceras _ strictum, Eriochilus autumnalis, Calochilus paludosus, Thelymitra ixioides, plus various “sreenhood” Pterostylis species (including an unusual recording of Prterostylis grandiflora). | David P. Banks

Seven Hills, NSW

Email: david@hillsdistrictorchids.com

Editor: David P. Banks Email: david@hillsdistrictorchids.com

Address editorial to:

The Editor, Australian Orchid Review,

39 Carole Street, Seven Hills, NSW 2147 Australia @ (02) 9674 4720

Email: david@hillsdistrictorchids.com

To join an orchid society contact these secretaries

New South Wales

Veronica Clowes

PO. Box 5396, Chullora NSW 2190 Phone: (02) 9649 2719

Email: secretaryosnsw@yahoo.com.au

Queensland

Maree Illingworth

PO. Box 126BC, Brown Plains 4118 Phone: (07) 3800 3213

Email: rmillingworth@uq.net.au

Western Australia

R. McGrath

P.O. Box 58, Como 6152 Phone: (08) 9367 9306

pesticides,

responsibility

ADVERTISERS INDEX

6% Australasian Native Orchid Conference & Show... 31 AranbeemlOrchic Saemmesssner see teatcen nanan Aussie Plantilaq Sieeessmmeaneemreaenein Australian Orchid Foundation

Cymbidium Club of Australia IC. ....ssssssssssssesssseee IBC

Darkstar Orchids aseesmesees nese nna nnen 56 David Keanelly Orchids ..essssssesssesessssssssssssssssnseesnees 50 Dendrobium speciosum Spectacular srrssssscsscsesse 30 Easy, OrchidSpemsseemnsnacenenemtn aaa 23 EliDorado, Orchid siesessneereet nee een 47 Hills:DistrictOrchidspessemsteeseee nee IFC Mingara.OrchiclEaiteeessss tesserae 39 MiriaiAnn, Orchidsteremesmnsnenentntimeeee sma 31 MountiBeenakmemersarsntss se mnensenanane nue 45 National Cymbidium Orchid Show........... ee)

Nicky,siSlipperssvessenastemeenteeeons 47 Orchidaceous Books.......... cmessle Orchidaceous SUpplicseamraes nate aaa 49 Orchid Pot Company, The rescssscsssssssssssssessnneesssesnesees 39 Orchid iProduction smecemmtetesm meta reetag 30 Orchids! NOCH peeeeretemremessstenreeeseeraes senna 56 Orchidston|NeEWDoldl jaessssante mien anne nennaaes 56 Orchidispecies! P| USpamesnres tment teers 49 Orchid Tray COMpany, The sersessssssssesssessssssssssssesseee 21 RetinalAustral ic weetensnteestemenecet aetaeemnne 30 StlVvesiOrchid|Eaiteasesstatte teense aa 53 TinOnee. OrchidSteemmenetenesstscetre eres 7,9, 50 Valley,Orchicstemenanetseee siete ae ene 8 64

While the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliabilit advice or eat between advertisers and readers. The opinions and recommenda

Australian Orchid Review

Victoria

Diane Sharam

1 Tynan Street, West Preston, 3072 Phone: (03) 9478 9764

Glenda Warren

15 Manton Street, Heidelberg 3084 Phone: (03) 9459 4308

Email: glentrev@alphalink.com.au

South Australia

Coralie Hills

GPO. Box 730, Adelaide 5001 Phone: (08) 8721 3213

Don Higgs

PO. Box 134, Myponga SA 5202 Phone: (08) 8558 6247

Email: jhiggs@internode.on.net

Tasmania

Jan Dicker

GRO. Box 467, Hobart 7001 Phone: (03) 6247 9636

Email: jtdicker@bigpond.com

Northern Territory Tammie Coyne PO. Box 38493, Winnellie 0821

ungicides and herbicides are those ofthe indivi ual authors, and not those of the Australian Orchid Review, which neither adopts nor endorses such opinions an recommendations and disclaims all

for them. When selecting and using such products, readers should seek and obtain the advice of the manufacturer and of responsible government departments.

BUYER’S GUIDE

Buy, sell or swap. Five lines (approximately thirty words) for only $30, each additional line (approximately six words) $4 (includes GST

LEARN TO EARN — With our nationally recognised Courses in Certificates II and III in Horticulture and Certificates II and III in Orchid Growing. Learn by Distance learning at your own pace. Contact The Orchid Academy® (National provider No. 31691) Ph: 1300 663 690. Email: robert@orchidacademy.com Web: www.orchidacademy.com

Approximately 180 rare and out of print Orchid books for sale. Books such as Venezuelan Orchids by Dunsterville and Garay, six volumes. The three volume set by the same authors line drawings, NO TEXT. Pabst and Dungs Orchidaceae Brasillenses two volumes. Orchids of Australia by Nicholls and many more. $4000.00 the lot Firm. PH. 02 49 331629

~ Cymbidium Orchid Club of South Australia Inc.

y of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietor of the “Australian Orchid Review” ms the Editor can assume responsibility for the ions that may appear in this publication regarding the selection and use of specific p

To join a Cymbidium Club in your state, contact:

Cymbidium Club of Australia Inc.

Secretary, Peter Moore

10 Stephanie Street, Padstow NSW 2211

Phone: (02) 9721 0572

Web: www.ccansw.com.au

The Cymbidium Orchid Society of Victoria Inc. Secretary, Jenifer Robinson

54 Worthington Road, Devon Meadows VIC 3977 Phone: (03) 5998 2226

Secretary, Jeanne Hall 18 Coorilla Avenue, Glenelg North SA 5045 Phone: (08) 8294 5562

The Cymbidium Orchid Club of

Western Australia Inc.

Praccanyecien Stretch

Phone: 0419 197 943

Publisher

DALTON HOUSE PTY LIMITED an 38 091 627 584 Suite 1104, 11th Floor ; 109 Pitt Street, eins NSW 2000 Australia Phone: 0433 422 792 Fax: (02) 9221 4242

Printed by bluestarXPRINtT | Any enquiries, contact Frank Hochbaum: (02) 8748 0239

lees products, including but not lined to

ORCHID, LANDSCAPING & HORTI- CULTURAL COURSES, DISTANCE EDUCATION -— Short courses, Certificates, Diplomas. Over 400 courses including Cut Flower Orchids, Hydroponics, Tissue Culture, Orchid Culture, Plant Varieties, Landscaping and more. Study by CD, online, or by traditional correspondence. Highly qualified tutors. FREE 87 page handbook. Phone: 07 5562 1088. Websites: www.acs.edu.au, www.hortcourses.com. P.O. Box 2092, Nerang MDC, Qld 4211.

NURSERY & ORCHID BENCHING www.nurserybenches.com.au or Phone: 02 9631 6000

www.jamesorchids.com is the website for Tom Burian orchids

2010 ORCHID EVENTS - 7¥Gazs on/

Conference & Show — Townsville June 12-14 Sub-Tropical Orchid Council Show

— Caloundra Qld

June 26-27 Mingara Orchid Fair — Central Coast NSW July 11 Tinonee Orchids Open Day & Show (wwwitinoneeorchids.com|— Taree NSW

July 25 Hills District Orchids Winter Ope Da (www-hillsdistrictorchids.com) — Northmead NSW. August 6-8 National Orchid Extravaganza (www.ccansw.com.au) — Dural NSW

August 7-8 2010 National Cymbidium Show (www.cymbidiumclubwa.com.au) — Perth WA

August 13-15 St ves Orchid Fair — St lves Showground NSW August 20-22 Melbourne International Orchid Spectacular (www.oscov.asn.au) & Victorian International Orchid Fair (www.orchidfair.com.au)

June 11-13 Tropical Sueels ad viel Council

August 25-29 ANOS National Conference & Show (www.anos.org.au) — Newcastle NSW.

September 3-5 Dendrobium speciosum Spectacular — Kempsey NSW

September 9-12 Australian Springtime Flora Festival — Mt Penang NSW

September 18-19 Orchids in the Wetlands

— Newcastle NSW

September 26 Hills District Orchids Spring Open Day (www.hillsdistrictorchids.com) — Northmead NSW. September 30-October 4 Tasmanian Orchid Society — Hobart Town Hall, Tas

October 8-10 Southern Orchid Spectacular

— Sharkies @ Woolooware NSW

October 8-10 Queensland Orchid Society

= Springers, Keysborough Victoria — Mt. Coot-tha Botanic Gardens, Qld

The Australian Orchid Review, June — July 2010

Www.ccansw.com.au Presents the

2010 National Orchid Extravaganza

Skok eee ee te te ke kee ee ke kee ee ee ee Potting Demonstrations Saturday & Sunday

Championship Benching

Orchid displays of Floral Art, Cut Stem and Bloom

HHH HHH HHH IIH IK IKI KKKKKKKK KKK AKA KKK

Tabletop Displays

KKH KHK HAHAHAHAHA AKAAKA AAA

HAKKAR ERK AKK Dural Recreation Centre at Ellerman Park 25a Kenthurst Road ROUND CORNER DURAL (Entrance off Pellitt Lane) Jam to 5pm Friday & Saturday Jam to 4pm Sunday

HAKKK AD MISSION ***** Adults $4.00 Under 16 Free

Come along and see some of the best flowering orchids on display in the country and purchase some top quality plants from the people you know.

Friday 6 August to Sunday 8 August 2010

Coe XKIKK VENI D OR S***** FK*NAQRE INFORMATION***** Australian Orchid Nursery www.ccansw.com.au Fong Ping Orchids or Robert Giles Orchids Peter Moore Tel B.H. O02 9794 2205 Tinonee Orchids George Serhan Orchids ee Minisor The Orchid Oasis : pose a) *Plenty of free parking at the venue* The aie Le ome? elective Orchids Wheelchair friendly event David Keanelly Orchids Rosella Orchids Orchids on Newbold Johnstons Orchids ROUNI David Wain Orchids to Castle Hill Ney LINE RD Nickys Slippers AAA Bromeliads

The vibrant blooms last for well weeks, even longer in cooler w 2 Such combinations have hybrid vigour and are adaptable in cultivation,

rate to tropical